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NAME
xp - print a file in an X window
SYNOPSIS
xp [ -toolkitoption... ] [ -option... ] [ file... ]
DESCRIPTION
xp displays the first file in an Athena Text widget and offers a menu
whereby each file may be subsequently opened and displayed (in the
same window).
If no file argument is given, or if the argument `-' is given, xp
reads from the standard input. If the standard input is a terminal,
input is terminated by an EOF condition.
In all cases no output appears until EOF is detected, however if 0 or
1 filenames are given and EOF is detected immediately then xp exits
silently.
OPTIONS
xp accepts all of the standard X Toolkit command line options as
well as the following (if the option begins with a `+' instead of a
`-', the option is restored to its default value):
-c command Commence by executing command.
-m Cause searches to look at multiple files, i.e. set
resource searchMany true.
-i Make searches case insensitive, i.e. set resource
caseSensitive false.
-w Cause searches not to wrap, i.e set resource searchWrap
false.
See also the section on RESOURCES.
USAGE
The files menu is activated by clicking button 2. Clicking on button
1 displays the next file and button 3 the previous. This assignment of
mouse buttons is designed to be analogous to that of the scrollbar.
The split command button allows two views of the same file to be shown
in separate panes. Selecting another file from the files menu leaves
the upper pane showing the original file. All commands and actions
refer to the lower pane, but you may use the flip command to reverse
the contents of the two panes.
Though displaying a file in a readonly text widget xp uses the caret
as follows:
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a "split" is made just below the caret if possible, searches start
from the caret, you can find the number of the line containing the
caret, moving through the file via searching or line number sets the
caret, and if the current file is re-opened by selecting it from the
files menu then xp trys to maintain the old position of the caret -
you can use this to see if the file has grown.
The input text widget (bottom right) accepts a few ed/vi-like
commands. In the following description of the commands the line
containing the caret is termed the current line. Commands which set
the caret scroll the text to make the caret visible if necessary, and
may also centre the new current line.
The commands are:
nnn Set the caret to the start of line nnn.
. Scroll text to centre the current line.
.= Output the number of the current line.
= Output the number of the lines in the file
+nnn Set the caret to the start of the line nnn lines beyond the
current line. Remember nnn for subseqent default.
=nnn Set the caret to the start of the line nnn lines before the
current line. Remember nnn for subseqent default.
$ Set the caret to the start of the last line.
/RE Forward full regular expression search, from caret, with optional
wrap round at eof. Set the selection to the matched text, set the
caret to the end of that selection. Use previous RE if RE empty
?RE Backward full regular expression search, from caret, with
optional wrap around at start of file. Set the selection to the
matched text, set the caret to the start of that selection. Use
previous RE if RE empty.
! Execute the rest of the line as a shell command using system(3).
xp replaces the character % with the current filename.
| Execute the rest of the line as a shell command using popen(3),
passing the currently displayed file as standard input.
q quit
All commands must be terminated by <return>.
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A <return> by itself moves the caret one line on and scrolls forward
one line.
Note, shell commands may not be executed if xp is invoked with the
-display argument or the display resource set. This is a defensive
measure allowing one to use xp to display output on someone else's
screen without letting them run programs with your user id.
REGULAR EXPRESSION SYNTAX
A regular expression is zero or more branches, separated by `|'. It
matches anything that matches one of the branches.
A branch is zero or more pieces, concatenated. It matches a match for
the first, followed by a match for the second, etc.
A piece is an atom possibly followed by `*', `+', or `?'. An atom
followed by `*' matches a sequence of 0 or more matches of the atom.
An atom followed by `+' matches a sequence of 1 or more matches of the
atom. An atom followed by `?' matches a match of the atom, or the
null string.
An atom is a regular expression in parentheses (matching a match for
the regular expression), a range (see below), `.' (matching any single
character), `^' (matching the null string at the beginning of the
input string), `$' (matching the null string at the end of the input
string), a `\' followed by a single character (matching that
character), or a single character with no other significance (matching
that character).
A range is a sequence of characters enclosed in `[]'. It normally
matches any single character from the sequence. If the sequence
begins with `^', it matches any single character not from the rest of
the sequence. If two characters in the sequence are separated by `-',
this is shorthand for the full list of ASCII characters between them
(e.g. `[0-9]' matches any decimal digit) To include a literal `]' in
the sequence, make it the first character (following a possible `^').
To include a literal `-', make it the first or last character.
AMBIGUITY
If a regular expression could match two different parts of the input
string, it will match the one which begins earliest. If both begin in
the same place but match different lengths, or match the same length
in different ways, life gets messier, as follows.
In general, the possibilities in a list of branches are considered in
left-to-right order, the possibilities for `*', `+', and `?' are
considered longest-first, nested constructs are considered from the
outermost in, and concatenated constructs are considered leftmost-
first. The match that will be chosen is the one that uses the
earliest possibility in the first choice that has to be made. If
there is more than one choice, the next will be made in the same
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manner (earliest possibility) subject to the decision on the first
choice. And so forth.
For example, `(ab|a)b*c' could match `abc' in one of two ways. The
first choice is between `ab' and `a'; since `ab' is earlier, and does
lead to a successful overall match, it is chosen. Since the `b' is
already spoken for, the `b*' must match its last possibility-the empty
string-since it must respect the earlier choice.
In the particular case where no `|'s are present and there is only one
`*', `+', or `?', the net effect is that the longest possible match
will be chosen. So `ab*', presented with `xabbbby', will match
`abbbb'. Note that if `ab*' is tried against `xabyabbbz', it will
match `ab' just after `x', due to the begins-earliest rule. (In
effect, the decision on where to start the match is the first choice
to be made, hence subsequent choices must respect it even if this
leads them to less-preferred alternatives.)
EXAMPLE
The shell script:
man $@ | col -b | cat -s | xp -i -name "xm:$*" -geometry x40&
pops up a manual page in an xp window, 40 lines long with case
insensitive searching enabled.
TRANSLATIONS
xp contains 3 text widgets, two for output only (one of which may not
be displayed) and one for command input. To make it easy to input
commands without having the input widget (bottom right) take the input
focus, and without introducing input modes, default translations are
set up such that keyboard input within the output text widgets is
redirected to the input widget apart from those standard Text widget
translations that refer to vertical motion. Unfortunately those
vertical motion must be included in the translations explicitly.
It is possible to specify translations which bind keys to arbitrary
keyboard input commands eg.
*vpaned.Text.translations: #override \n\
Ctrl<Key>E: Cmnd("!xterm -e vi %&")\n\
Ctrl<Key>/: Cmnd(/)\n\
Ctrl<Key>?: Cmnd(?)
though the default translations do not do this.
RESOURCES
xp has the following application specific resources:
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searchWrap (Class SearchWrap)
If true (default) then forward regular expression searches wrap
around to beginning of file when reaching EOF and likewise for
reverse searches.
searchMany (Class SearchMany)
If true (not the default) then regular expression searches
continue across file boundaries.
If searchWrap is also true then rather than searches wrapping round at
the end of file they wrap round from the end of the last file to the
first and vice-versa, for forward and backward searches respectively.
caseSensitive (Class CaseSensitive)
If true (the default) then regular expression searches are case
sensitive.
command (Class Command)
A command executed initially as if typed into the text input
widget (but with no need of a trailing <return> ).
setIconName (Class SetIconName)
When true (default) causes xp to append the current filename to
the xp icon name.
setTitle (Class SetTitle)
When true (default) causes xp to append the current filename to
the xp title.
terse (Class Terse)
When true (not the default) prevents error message popups.
WIDGETS
In order to specify resources, it is useful to know the hierarchy of
the widgets which compose xp. In the notation below, indentation
indicates hierarchical structure. The widget class name is given
first, followed by the widget instance name.
Xp xp
TopLevelShell shell
Paned paned
Paned vpaned
Text textmain
Grip grip
Text textsplit
Grip grip
Paned hpaned
Command quit
MenuButton files
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SimpleMenu filesmenu
SmeBSB file1
SmeBSB file2
.
.
.
MenuButton options
SimpleMenu optionsmenu
SmeBSB wrap word
SmeBSB wrap line
SmeBSB horiz scroll
SmeLine line
SmeBSB case insensitive
SmeBSB search wrap
SmeBSB search many
SmeLine line
SmeBSB terse
Command help
Command reopen
Toggle split
Command flip
Text textinput
Grip grip
TopLevelShell helpshell
Paned helppaned
Label helplabel
Text helptext
Command helpdismiss
TransientShell errorshell
Form errorform
Label errorlabel
Command errordismiss
ENVIRONMENT
DISPLAY to get the default host and display number.
FILES
/usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/Xp - specifies required resources
SEE ALSO
cat(1), ed(1), egrep(1), X(1) Athena Widget Set
AUTHOR
Gerry Tomlinson (gerry.tomlinson@newcastle.ac.uk)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 1992, The Computing Laboratory, University of Newcastle Upon
Tyne
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Regular expression code and description are by Henry Spencer @ U of
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Toronto Zoology, henry@zoo.toronto.edu. They are intended to be
compatible with the Bell V8 regexp(3) but are not derived from Bell
code.
BUGS
The regular expression syntax probably doesn't exactly match that of
the egrep(1) on your system.
Doesn't handle binary files.
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