GEXPR(1) GEXPR 2.0.2 GEXPR(1)
May 2001
NAME
gexpr - handy shell calculator
SYNOPSIS
gexpr [ options ] expression
DESCRIPTION
gexpr is an expression parser that can be used as a simple command-
line calculator, as in gexpr 'sin(pi/4)*sqrt(4)', or to add floating
point math to shell scripts. It is meant to be an alternative to bc
(1), being less powerful but lighter and much more intuitive. It also
provides a few nice features of its own.
If an expression is given as argument, it must be protected from the
shell using quotes as in the example above. If you fail to do so,
parentheses will be interpreted and the * character will be expanded
by the shell, wreaking havoc. Using double quotes " " is necessary if
you want to use shell variables within expression.
gexpr supports the usual arithmetical operators + - * / , the
relational operators < <= > >= == != , and all the standard C
mathematical functions apart from frexp (3) and modf (3), which cannot
be fully implemented since they actually return two values. In
addition, gexpr provides the constants defined in math.h (M_PI, etc),
the fact(n) function, which returns the factorial of n, and the rnd(n)
function, which returns a random number between 0 and n.
A nice feature of gexpr is the possibility of using other bases than
10. For instance, this expression is allowed:
$ gexpr "0x10 + 0b1010 + 010"
34
$ _
the prefix "0x" denotes numbers written in base 16, "0b" numbers in
base 2, and "0" octal numbers.
The command "base nn" is used to display the results in a base between
2 and 16. Example:
gexpr> base 16
output base is now 16
gexpr> 256 * 2
200
gexpr> _
The command "decimals nn" (or "dec nn") specifies the number of
- 1 - Formatted: May 9, 2025
GEXPR(1) GEXPR 2.0.2 GEXPR(1)
May 2001
decimal positions. Example:
gexpr> PI
3.1415926525
gexpr> dec 20
decimal positions now 20
gexpr> PI
3.14159265258979311740
gexpr> _
COMMANDS
base specify the output base.
dec(imals)
specify the number of decimals (default: 10).
help display a list of functions, constants, and commands.
q(uit) quit the program.
OPTIONS
--help, -h
display a short help.
--base n, -b n
output results in base n.
--no_prompt, -n
don't display the gexpr> prompt.
EXAMPLES
gexpr 2 + 10 / 2
gexpr "sqrt(5) < log(10)"
echo "sqrt(2)/2" | gexpr -n
gexpr "sin($X) - tan($Y)"
gexpr "$X + ($Y)*log10(${ZZ})"
This is an interesting use of gexpr in a shell script:
#!/bin/sh DEC=`echo "M_PI_2" | gexpr -n` EXA=`echo "M_PI_2" | gexpr -n
-b16` echo "Pi/2 is $DEC (or $EXA in hexa)"
Another example:
#!/bin/sh
X=0
while [ `gexpr "$X < 10"` = 1 ]
- 2 - Formatted: May 9, 2025
GEXPR(1) GEXPR 2.0.2 GEXPR(1)
May 2001
do
X=`gexpr "$X + 0.2"`
echo $X
done
BUGS
It is awfully slow and its use cannot replace a "real" programming
language supporting floating point math.
Most errors are trapped but some are not, like overflows and
underflows. For example, on the Linux box it was written on gexpr
overflows when the result exceeds about 1.797e+308.
It would be nice to add command-line editing. This would make gexpr
quite bigger, though.
AUTHOR
Guido Gonzato <ggonza@tin.it>
SEE ALSO
expr (1), sh (1), bc (1)
- 3 - Formatted: May 9, 2025
