YORICK(1) YORICK(1)
1994 August 30
NAME
yorick
SYNOPSIS
yorick [ -i file1.i [ -i file2.i [ ... ]]]
yorick -batch file.i
DESCRIPTION
Yorick is an interpreted language like Basic or Lisp, but far faster.
It features:
* A C-like language, but without declarative statements. Operations
between arrays produce array results, which is one reason for
Yorick's high speed.
* An X window system interactive graphics package. Concentrates on
x-y plots and filling and contouring quadrilateral meshes. Also
handles cell arrays. Graphics can be output to binary CGM or
PostScript files as well. A separate CGM browser, gist(1), is
included.
* A binary file package which can read or write floating point
formats which are foreign to the machine where Yorick is running.
Thus, you can share binary files freely on a heterogeneous network.
* A library of functions written in the Yorick language. These
include Bessel, gamma, and related functions, multiple key sorting,
spline, rational function, and least squares fitting, and routines
to read and write netCDF files.
* Provisions for embedding compiled subroutines and functions within
a Yorick interpreter. A compiled package which solves matrices and
performs FFTs is supplied.
You cannot learn to program in Yorick by reading this man page.
Instead, start Yorick (with no arguments) and type:
help
This will tell you the name of the Yorick site directory at your site.
The site directory contains a doc/ subdirectory; read the README file
there to find out about more documentation. The Yorick user manual is
in project GNU's TeXinfo format, which can be either printed or read
online as hypertext using the info command in GNU Emacs. Also
available are a set of six quick reference sheets (as PostScript), and
alphabetized collections of all of Yorick's online help comments
(accessible via the help command). Finally, the include/ subdirectory
of the Yorick site directory is a library of functions which are
written in the Yorick language, which are also helpful as examples of
how to write Yorick programs.
To demonstrate Yorick, start Yorick and type the following two lines:
#include "demo1.i"
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YORICK(1) YORICK(1)
1994 August 30
demo1
After the little movie runs on your X window system display, try:
help, demo1
Follow the SEE ALSO references in this help message by issuing
additional help commands. Also, the help command will print the full
pathname of the demo1.i file. Read this file to see how the demo1
function works. You can repeat this procedure with demo2.i, demo3.i,
and demo4.i:
demo1 - movies of sound and shock waves
demo2 - movies of a drumhead oscillating
demo3 - movie of a chaotic pendulum
demo4 - visualization of the flow field around an airfoil
You can run a crude tutorial introducing all of the Yorick graphics
commands by starting Yorick and typing:
#include "testg.i"
grtest
You can get a description of the various files in the interpreted
library by typing (as a command to Yorick):
library
Options
-i file.i includes the Yorick source file file.i as Yorick
starts. This is equivalent to the #include
directive after Yorick has started.
-batch file.i includes the Yorick source file file.i as Yorick
starts. Your customization file custom.i, if any,
is not read, and Yorick is placed in batch mode.
Use the help command on the batch function (help,
batch) to find out more about batch mode. In
batch mode, all errors are fatal; normally, Yorick
will halt execution and wait for more input after
an error.
AUTHOR
David H. Munro, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
FILES
Y_SITE refers to the Yorick site directory; use the help command to
find its name at your site (the variable Y_SITE also contains the name
of the site directory):
Y_SITE/doc/* documentation, including the quick reference
sheets, user manual, and alphabetized
collections of all the online help messages.
Y_SITE/include/*.i a library of interpreted Yorick functions.
Here are Bessel, gamma, and beta functions,
multiple key sorting, curve fitting
functions, and more. The file readme.i has a
more complete description.
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Y_SITE/gist/* graphics style sheets, palettes, and
PostScript template
Y_SITE/startup/*.i include files Yorick needs to read whenever
it starts. Several of these contain the
definitions of functions which you may need
to read in order to fully understand their
operation, or as examples of Yorick programs.
BUGS
If x is a scalar int, long, or double,
x(1)= scalar-expression
will fail. You normally wouldn't do the assignment like this (you
would just redefine x). Usually, you can work around this bug using
the merge function; do "help, merge" and read Y_SITE/include/bessel.i
for examples of the merge function.
Expressions like openb("file_containing_x").x do not work, even though
they are syntactically and logically correct. It turns out the file
closes before the data can be read. This one may be fixable, but it's
not easy.
The nice= and restrict= keywords to the limits function don't seem to
work properly.
Clipping of filled mesh plots (the plf command) is not always correct.
Text -- particularly curve markers -- is clipped by not drawing it;
the absence of partial characters at the edge of a plot puzzles most
people.
Recursive debug mode (debugging an error which occurred while you were
debugging) doesn't work. Also, Yorick can't always get into and out
of its debug mode properly. Occasionally, it will get the line number
where an error occurred wrong, especially if the error was in the
condition or increment clause of a for loop.
On pseudocolor displays, a color image may require you to move the
mouse into yorick's X window to display properly, if you use the
private=1 option of the window command. Unless your window manager
allows you to set colormap focus independently of keyboard focus, this
can be annoying.
Unless you use the dump=1 keyword with the hcp_file command,
PostScript and CGM graphics output files will contain gray scale
equivalents of the color images you see on your screen. If you use a
color printer, this can be confusing.
SEE ALSO
gist(1)
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