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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




 NAME
      lynx - a general purpose distributed information browser for the World
      Wide Web

 SYNOPSIS
      lynx [options] [optional paths or URLs]

      lynx [options] [path or URL] -get_data
      data
      --

      lynx [options] [path or URL] -post_data
      data
      --

      Use ``lynx -help'' to display a complete list of current options.

 DESCRIPTION
      Lynx is a fully-featured World Wide Web (WWW) client for users running
      cursor-addressable, character-cell display devices (e.g., vt100
      terminals, vt100 emulators running on Windows 95/NT/XP/7/8 or any
      POSIX platform, or any other ``curses-oriented'' display).  It will
      display hypertext markup language (HTML) documents containing links to
      files residing on the local system, as well as files residing on
      remote systems running Gopher, HTTP, FTP, WAIS, and NNTP servers.
      Current versions of Lynx run on Unix, VMS, Windows 95/NT/XP/7/8, DOS
      DJGPP and OS/2.

      Lynx can be used to access information on the World Wide Web, or to
      build information systems intended primarily for local access.  For
      example, Lynx has been used to build several Campus Wide Information
      Systems (CWIS).  In addition, Lynx can be used to build systems
      isolated within a single LAN.

 OPTIONS
      At start up, Lynx will load any local file or remote URL specified at
      the command line.  For help with URLs, press ``?'' or ``H'' while
      running Lynx.  Then follow the link titled, ``Help on URLs.''

      If more than one local file or remote URL is listed on the command
      line, Lynx will open only the last interactively.  All of the names
      (local files and remote URLs) are added to the G)oto history.

      Lynx uses only long option names.  Option names can begin with double
      dash ``--'' as well, underscores and dashes can be intermixed in
      option names (in the reference below, options are shown with one dash
      ``-'' before them, and with underscores ``_'').

      Lynx provides many command-line options.  Some options require a value
      (string, number or keyword).  These are noted in the reference below.
      The other options set boolean values in the program.  There are three



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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      types of boolean options: set, unset and toggle.  If no option value
      is given, these have the obvious meaning: set (to true), unset (to
      false), or toggle (between true/false).  For any of these, an explicit
      value can be given in different forms to allow for operating system
      constraints, e.g.,

          -center:off
          -center=off
          -center-

      Lynx recognizes ``1'', ``+'', ``on'' and ``true'' for true values, and
      ``0'', ``-'', ``off'' and ``false'' for false values.  Other option-
      values are ignored.

      The default boolean, number and string option values that are compiled
      into Lynx are displayed in the help-message provided by lynx -help.
      Some of those may differ according to how Lynx was built; see the help
      message itself for these values.  The -help option is processed in the
      third pass of options-processing, so any option which sets a value, as
      well as runtime configuration values are reflected in the help-
      message.

      -      If the argument is only ``-'', then Lynx expects to receive the
             arguments from the standard input.  This is to allow for the
             potentially very long command line that can be associated with
             the -get_data or -post_data arguments (see below).  It can also
             be used to avoid having sensitive information in the invoking
             command line (which would be visible to other processes on most
             systems), especially when the -auth or -pauth options are used.

      -accept_all_cookies
             accept all cookies.

      -anonymous
             apply restrictions for anonymous account, see also
             -restrictions.

      -assume_charset=MIMEname
             charset for documents that do not specify it.

      -assume_local_charset=MIMEname
             charset assumed for local files, i.e., files which Lynx creates
             such as internal pages for the options menu.

      -assume_unrec_charset=MIMEname
             use this instead of unrecognized charsets.

      -auth=ID:PASSWD
             set authorization ID and password for protected documents at
             startup.  Be sure to protect any script files which use this
             switch.



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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      -base  prepend a request URL comment and BASE tag to text/html outputs
             for -source dumps.

      -bibhost=URL
             specify a local bibp server (default http://bibhost/).

      -blink forces high intensity background colors for color mode, if
             available and supported by the terminal.  This applies to the
             slang library (for a few terminal emulators), or to OS/2 EMX
             with ncurses.

      -book  use the bookmark page as the startfile.  The default or command
             line startfile is still set for the Main screen command, and
             will be used if the bookmark page is unavailable or blank.

      -buried_news
             toggles scanning of news articles for buried references, and
             converts them to news links.  Not recommended because email
             addresses enclosed in angle brackets will be converted to false
             news links, and uuencoded messages can be trashed.

      -cache=NUMBER
             set the NUMBER of documents cached in memory.  The default is
             10.

      -case  enable case-sensitive string searching.

      -center
             Toggle center alignment in HTML TABLE.

      -cfg=FILENAME
             specifies a Lynx configuration file other than the default
             lynx.cfg.

      -child exit on left-arrow in startfile, and disable save to disk and
             associated print/mail options.

      -child_relaxed
             exit on left-arrow in startfile, but allow save to disk and
             associated print/mail options.

      -cmd_log=FILENAME
             write keystroke commands and related information to the
             specified file.

      -cmd_script=FILENAME
             read keystroke commands from the specified file.  You can use
             the data written using the -cmd_log option.  Lynx will ignore
             other information which the command-logging may have written to
             the logfile.  Each line of the command script contains either a
             comment beginning with ``#'', or a keyword:



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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




             exit
                causes the script to stop, and forces Lynx to exit
                immediately.

             key
                the character value, in printable form.  Cursor and other
                special keys are given as names, e.g., ``Down Arrow''.
                Printable 7-bit ASCII codes are given as-is, and hexadecimal
                values represent other 8-bit codes.

             set
                followed by a ``name=value'' allows one to override values
                set in the lynx.cfg or .lynxrc files.  Lynx tries the cfg-
                file setting first.

      -collapse_br_tags
             toggles collapsing of BR tags.

      -color forces color mode on, if available.  Default color control
             sequences which work for many terminal types are assumed if the
             terminal capability description does not specify how to handle
             color.  Lynx needs to be compiled with the slang library for
             this flag, it is equivalent to setting the COLORTERM
             environment variable.  (If color support is instead provided by
             a color-capable curses library like ncurses, Lynx relies
             completely on the terminal description to determine whether
             color mode is possible, and this flag is not needed and thus
             unavailable.) A saved show_color=always setting found in a
             .lynxrc file at startup has the same effect.  A saved
             show_color=never found in .lynxrc on startup is overridden by
             this flag.

      -connect_timeout=N
             Sets the connection timeout, where N is given in seconds.

      -cookie_file=FILENAME
             specifies a file to use to read cookies.  If none is specified,
             the default value is ~/.lynx_cookies for most systems, but
             ~/cookies for MS-DOS.

      -cookie_save_file=FILENAME
             specifies a file to use to store cookies.  If none is
             specified, the value given by -cookie_file is used.

      -cookies
             toggles handling of Set-Cookie headers.

      -core  toggles forced core dumps on fatal errors.  Turn this option
             off to ask Lynx to force a core dump if a fatal error occurs.





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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      -crawl with -traversal, output each page to a file.  with -dump,
             format output as with -traversal, but to the standard output.

      -curses_pads
             toggles the use of curses ``pad'' feature which supports
             left/right scrolling of the display.  The feature is normally
             available for curses configurations, but inactive.  To activate
             it, use the ``|'' character or the LINEWRAP_TOGGLE command.
             Toggling this option makes the feature altogether unavailable.

      -debug_partial
             separate incremental display stages with MessageSecs delay

      -default_colors
             toggles the default-colors feature which is normally set in the
             lynx.cfg file.

      -delay add DebugSecs delay after each progress-message

      -display=DISPLAY
             set the display variable for X rexec-ed programs.

      -display_charset=MIMEname
             set the charset for the terminal output.

      -dont_wrap_pre
             inhibit wrapping of text when -dump'ing and -crawl'ing, mark
             wrapped lines of <pre> in interactive session.

      -dump  dumps the formatted output of the default document or those
             specified on the command line to standard output.  Unlike
             interactive mode, all documents are processed.  This can be
             used in the following way:

                 lynx -dump http://www.subir.com/lynx.html

             Files specified on the command line are formatted as HTML if
             their names end with one of the standard web suffixes such as
             ``.htm'' or ``.html''.  Use the -force_html option to format
             files whose names do not follow this convention.

      -editor=EDITOR
             enable external editing, using the specified EDITOR.  (vi, ed,
             emacs, etc.)

      -emacskeys
             enable emacs-like key movement.

      -enable_scrollback
             toggles compatibility with communication programs' scrollback
             keys (may be incompatible with some curses packages).



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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      -error_file=FILE
             define a file where Lynx will report HTTP access codes.

      -exec  enable local program execution (normally not configured).

      -fileversions
             include all versions of files in local VMS directory listings.

      -find_leaks
             toggle memory leak-checking.  Normally this is not compiled-
             into your executable, but when it is, it can be disabled for a
             session.

      -force_empty_hrefless_a
             force HREF-less ``A'' elements to be empty (close them as soon
             as they are seen).

      -force_html
             forces the first document to be interpreted as HTML.

             This is most useful when processing files specified on the
             command line which have an unrecognized suffix (or the suffix
             is associated with a non-HTML type, such as ``.txt'' for plain
             text files).

             Lynx recognizes these file suffixes as HTML:

                 ``.ht3'',
                 ``.htm'',
                 ``.html3'',
                 ``.html'',
                 ``.htmlx'',
                 ``.php3'',
                 ``.php'',
                 ``.phtml'',
                 ``.sht'', and
                 ``.shtml''.

      -force_secure
             toggles forcing of the secure flag for SSL cookies.

      -forms_options
             toggles whether the Options Menu is key-based or form-based.

      -from  toggles transmissions of From headers.

      -ftp   disable ftp access.

      -get_data
             properly formatted data for a get form are read in from the
             standard input and passed to the form.  Input is terminated by



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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




             a line that starts with ``---''.

             Lynx issues an HTTP GET, sending the form to the path or URL
             given on the command-line and prints the response of the
             server.  If no path or URL is given, Lynx sends the form to the
             start-page.

      -head  send a HEAD request for the mime headers.

      -help  print the Lynx command syntax usage message, and exit.

      -hiddenlinks=[option]
             control the display of hidden links.

             merge
                hidden links show up as bracketed numbers and are numbered
                together with other links in the sequence of their
                occurrence in the document.

             listonly
                hidden links are shown only on L)ist screens and listings
                generated by -dump or from the P)rint menu, but appear
                separately at the end of those lists.  This is the default
                behavior.

             ignore
                hidden links do not appear even in listings.

      -historical
             toggles use of ``>'' or ``-->'' as a terminator for comments.

      -homepage=URL
             set homepage separate from start page.

      -image_links
             toggles inclusion of links for all images.

      -index=URL
             set the default index file to the specified URL.

      -ismap toggles inclusion of ISMAP links when client-side MAPs are
             present.

      -justify
             do justification of text.

      -link=NUMBER
             starting count for lnk#.dat files produced by -crawl.

      -list_inline
             for -dump, show the links inline with the text.



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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      -listonly
             for -dump, show only the list of links.

      -localhost
             disable URLs that point to remote hosts.

      -locexec
             enable local program execution from local files only (if Lynx
             was compiled with local execution enabled).

      -lss=FILENAME
             specify filename containing color-style information.  The
             default is lynx.lss.  If you give an empty filename, Lynx uses
             a built-in monochrome scheme which imitates the non-color-style
             configuration.

      -mime_header
             prints the MIME header of a fetched document along with its
             source.

      -minimal
             toggles minimal versus valid comment parsing.

      -nested_tables
             toggles nested-tables logic (for debugging).

      -newschunksize=NUMBER
             number of articles in chunked news listings.

      -newsmaxchunk=NUMBER
             maximum news articles in listings before chunking.

      -nobold
             disable bold video-attribute.

      -nobrowse
             disable directory browsing.

      -nocc  disable Cc: prompts for self copies of mailings.  Note that
             this does not disable any CCs which are incorporated within a
             mailto URL or form ACTION.

      -nocolor
             force color mode off, overriding terminal capabilities and any
             -color flags, COLORTERM variable, and saved .lynxrc settings.

      -noexec
             disable local program execution.  (DEFAULT)

      -nofilereferer
             disable transmissions of Referer headers for file URLs.



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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      -nolist
             disable the link list feature in dumps.

      -nolog disable mailing of error messages to document owners.

      -nomargins
             disable left/right margins in the default style sheet.

      -nomore
             disable -more- string in statusline messages.

      -nonrestarting_sigwinch
             This flag is not available on all systems, Lynx needs to be
             compiled with HAVE_SIGACTION defined.  If available, this flag
             may cause Lynx to react more immediately to window changes when
             run within an xterm.

      -nonumbers
             disable link- and field-numbering.  This overrides
             -number_fields and -number_links.

      -nopause
             disable forced pauses for statusline messages.

      -noprint
             disable most print functions.

      -noredir
             prevents automatic redirection and prints a message with a link
             to the new URL.

      -noreferer
             disable transmissions of Referer headers.

      -noreverse
             disable reverse video-attribute.

      -nosocks
             disable SOCKS proxy usage by a SOCKSified Lynx.

      -nostatus
             disable the retrieval status messages.

      -notitle
             disable title and blank line from top of page.

      -nounderline
             disable underline video-attribute.

      -number_fields
             force numbering of links as well as form input fields



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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      -number_links
             force numbering of links.

      -partial
             toggles display partial pages while loading.

      -partial_thres=NUMBER
             number of lines to render before repainting display with
             partial-display logic

      -passive_ftp
             toggles passive ftp connections.

      -pauth=ID:PASSWD
             set authorization ID and password for a protected proxy server
             at startup.  Be sure to protect any script files which use this
             switch.

      -popup toggles handling of single-choice SELECT options via popup
             windows or as lists of radio buttons.

      -post_data
             properly formatted data for a post form are read in from the
             standard input and passed to the form.  Input is terminated by
             a line that starts with ``---''.

             Lynx issues an HTTP POST, sending the form to the path or URL
             given on the command-line and prints the response of the
             server.  If no path or URL is given, Lynx sends the form to the
             start-page.

      -preparsed
             show HTML source preparsed and reformatted when used with
             -source or in source view.

      -prettysrc
             show HTML source view with lexical elements and tags in color.

      -print enable print functions.  (default)

      -pseudo_inlines
             toggles pseudo-ALTs for inline images with no ALT string.

      -raw   toggles default setting of 8-bit character translations or CJK
             mode for the startup character set.

      -realm restricts access to URLs in the starting realm.

      -read_timeout=N
             Sets the read-timeout, where N is given in seconds.




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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      -reload
             flushes the cache on a proxy server (only the first document
             given on the command-line is affected).

      -restrictions=[option][,option][,option]...
             allows a list of services to be disabled selectively.  Dashes
             and underscores in option names can be intermixed.  The
             following list is printed if no options are specified.

             all
                restricts all options listed below.

             bookmark
                disallow changing the location of the bookmark file.

             bookmark_exec
                disallow execution links via the bookmark file.

             change_exec_perms
                disallow changing the eXecute permission on files (but still
                allow it for directories) when local file management is
                enabled.

             default
                same as command line option -anonymous.  Disables default
                services for anonymous users.  Set to all restricted, except
                for: inside_telnet, outside_telnet, inside_ftp, outside_ftp,
                inside_rlogin, outside_rlogin, inside_news, outside_news,
                telnet_port, jump, mail, print, exec, and goto.  The
                settings for these, as well as additional goto restrictions
                for specific URL schemes that are also applied, are derived
                from definitions within userdefs.h.

             dired_support
                disallow local file management.

             disk_save
                disallow saving to disk in the download and print menus.

             dotfiles
                disallow access to, or creation of, hidden (dot) files.

             download
                disallow some downloaders in the download menu (does not
                imply disk_save restriction).

             editor
                disallow external editing.

             exec
                disable execution scripts.



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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




             exec_frozen
                disallow the user from changing the local execution option.

             externals
                disallow some ``EXTERNAL'' configuration lines if support
                for passing URLs to external applications (with the EXTERN
                command) is compiled in.

             file_url
                disallow using G)oto, served links or bookmarks for file:
                URLs.

             goto
                disable the ``g'' (goto) command.

             inside_ftp
                disallow ftps for people coming from inside your domain
                (utmp required for selectivity).

             inside_news
                disallow USENET news posting for people coming from inside
                your domain (utmp required for selectivity).

             inside_rlogin
                disallow rlogins for people coming from inside your domain
                (utmp required for selectivity).

             inside_telnet
                disallow telnets for people coming from inside your domain
                (utmp required for selectivity).

             jump
                disable the ``j'' (jump) command.

             multibook
                disallow multiple bookmarks.

             mail
                disallow mail.

             news_post
                disallow USENET News posting.

             options_save
                disallow saving options in .lynxrc.

             outside_ftp
                disallow ftps for people coming from outside your domain
                (utmp required for selectivity).





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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




             outside_news
                disallow USENET news reading and posting for people coming
                from outside your domain (utmp required for selectivity).
                This restriction applies to ``news'', ``nntp'',
                ``newspost'', and ``newsreply'' URLs, but not to ``snews'',
                ``snewspost'', or ``snewsreply'' in case they are supported.

             outside_rlogin
                disallow rlogins for people coming from outside your domain
                (utmp required for selectivity).

             outside_telnet
                disallow telnets for people coming from outside your domain
                (utmp required for selectivity).

             print
                disallow most print options.

             shell
                disallow shell escapes and lynxexec or lynxprog G)oto's.

             suspend
                disallow Unix Control-Z suspends with escape to shell.

             telnet_port
                disallow specifying a port in telnet G)oto's.

             useragent
                disallow modifications of the User-Agent header.

      -resubmit_posts
             toggles forced resubmissions (no-cache) of forms with method
             POST when the documents they returned are sought with the
             PREV_DOC command or from the History List.

      -rlogin
             disable recognition of rlogin commands.

      -scrollbar
             toggles showing scrollbar.

      -scrollbar_arrow
             toggles showing arrows at ends of the scrollbar.

      -selective
             require .www_browsable files to browse directories.

      -session=FILENAME
             resumes from specified file on startup and saves session to
             that file on exit.




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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      -sessionin=FILENAME
             resumes session from specified file.

      -sessionout=FILENAME
             saves session to specified file.

      -short_url
             show very long URLs in the status line with ``...'' to
             represent the portion which cannot be displayed.  The beginning
             and end of the URL are displayed, rather than suppressing the
             end.

      -show_cfg
             Print the configuration settings, e.g., as read from
             ``lynx.cfg'', and exit.

      -show_cursor
             If enabled the cursor will not be hidden in the right hand
             corner but will instead be positioned at the start of the
             currently selected link.  Show cursor is the default for
             systems without FANCY_CURSES capabilities.  The default
             configuration can be changed in userdefs.h or lynx.cfg.  The
             command line switch toggles the default.

      -show_rate
             If enabled the transfer rate is shown in bytes/second.  If
             disabled, no transfer rate is shown.  Use lynx.cfg or the
             options menu to select KB/second and/or ETA.

      -soft_dquotes
             toggles emulation of the old Netscape and Mosaic bug which
             treated ``>'' as a co-terminator for double-quotes and tags.

      -source
             works the same as dump but outputs HTML source instead of
             formatted text.  For example

                 lynx -source . >foo.html

             generates HTML source listing the files in the current
             directory.  Each file is marked by an HREF relative to the
             parent directory.  Add a trailing slash to make the HREF's
             relative to the current directory:

                 lynx -source ./ >foo.html

      -stack_dump
             disable SIGINT cleanup handler

      -startfile_ok
             allow non-http startfile and homepage with -validate.



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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      -stderr
             When dumping a document using -dump or -source, Lynx normally
             does not display alert (error) messages that you see on the
             screen in the status line.  Use the -stderr option to tell Lynx
             to write these messages to the standard error.

      -stdin read the startfile from standard input (UNIX only).

      -syslog=text
             information for syslog call.

      -syslog_urls
             log requested URLs with syslog.

      -tagsoup
             initialize parser, using Tag Soup DTD rather than SortaSGML.

      -telnet
             disable recognition of telnet commands.

      -term=TERM
             tell Lynx what terminal type to assume it is talking to.  (This
             may be useful for remote execution, when, for example, Lynx
             connects to a remote TCP/IP port that starts a script that, in
             turn, starts another Lynx process.)

      -timeout=N
             For win32, sets the network read-timeout, where N is given in
             seconds.

      -tlog  toggles between using a Lynx Trace Log and stderr for trace
             output from the session.

      -tna   turns on ``Textfields Need Activation'' mode.

      -trace turns on Lynx trace mode.  Destination of trace output depends
             on -tlog.

      -trace_mask=value
             turn on optional traces, which may result in very large trace
             files.  Logically OR the values to combine options:

             1  SGML character parsing states

             2  color-style

             4  TRST (table layout)

             8  configuration (lynx.cfg, .lynxrc, .lynx-keymaps, mime.types
                and mailcap contents)




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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




             16 binary string copy/append, used in form data construction.

             32 cookies

             64 character sets

             128
                GridText parsing

             256
                timing

      -traversal
             traverse all http links derived from startfile.  When used with
             -crawl, each link that begins with the same string as startfile
             is output to a file, intended for indexing.

             See CRAWL.announce for more information.

      -trim_blank_lines
             toggles trimming of trailing blank lines as well as the related
             trimming of blank lines while collapsing BR tags.

      -trim_input_fields
             trim input text/textarea fields in forms.

      -underline_links
             toggles use of underline/bold attribute for links.

      -underscore
             toggles use of _underline_ format in dumps.

      -unique_urls
             check for duplicate link numbers in each page and corresponding
             lists, and reuse the original link number.

      -use_mouse
             turn on mouse support, if available.  Clicking the left mouse
             button on a link traverses it.  Clicking the right mouse button
             pops back.  Click on the top line to scroll up.  Click on the
             bottom line to scroll down.  The first few positions in the top
             and bottom line may invoke additional functions.  Lynx must be
             compiled with ncurses or slang to support this feature.  If
             ncurses is used, clicking the middle mouse button pops up a
             simple menu.  Mouse clicks may only work reliably while Lynx is
             idle waiting for input.

      -useragent=Name
             set alternate Lynx User-Agent header.





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 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      -validate
             accept only http URLs (for validation).  Complete security
             restrictions also are implemented.

      -verbose
             toggle [LINK], [IMAGE] and [INLINE] comments with filenames of
             these images.

      -version
             print version information, and exit.

      -vikeys
             enable vi-like key movement.

      -wdebug
             enable Waterloo tcp/ip packet debug (print to watt debugfile).
             This applies only to DOS versions compiled with WATTCP or
             WATT-32.

      -width=NUMBER
             number of columns for formatting of dumps, default is 80.  This
             is limited by the number of columns that Lynx could display,
             typically 1024 (the MAX_LINE symbol).

      -with_backspaces
             emit backspaces in output if -dump'ing or -crawl'ing (like man
             does)

      -xhtml_parsing
             tells Lynx that it can ignore certain tags which have no
             content in an XHTML 1.0 document.  For example ``<p/>'' will be
             discarded.

 COMMANDS
      More than one key can be mapped to a given command.  Here are some of
      the most useful:

      +   Use Up arrow and Down arrow to scroll through hypertext links.

      +   Right arrow or Return will follow a highlighted hypertext link.

      +   Left Arrow or ``u'' will retreat from a link.

      +   Type ``H'', ``?'', or F1 for online help and descriptions of key-
          stroke commands.

      +   Type ``k'' or ``K'' for a list of the current key-stroke command
          mappings.

          If the same command is mapped to the same letter differing only by
          upper/lowercase only the lowercase mapping is shown.



                                   - 17 -       Formatted:  December 5, 2024






 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      +   Type Delete to view history list.

 ENVIRONMENT
      In addition to various ``standard'' environment variables such as
      HOME, PATH, USER, DISPLAY, TMPDIR, etc, Lynx utilizes several Lynx-
      specific environment variables, if they exist.

      Others may be created or modified by Lynx to pass data to an external
      program, or for other reasons.  These are listed separately below.

      See also the sections on SIMULATED CGI SUPPORT and NATIVE LANGUAGE
      SUPPORT, below.

      Note:  Not all environment variables apply to all types of platforms
      supported by Lynx, though most do.  Feedback on platform dependencies
      is solicited.

      Environment Variables Used By Lynx:

      COLORTERM           If set, color capability for the terminal is
                          forced on at startup time.  The actual value
                          assigned to the variable is ignored.  This
                          variable is only meaningful if Lynx was built
                          using the slang screen-handling library.

      LYNX_CFG            This variable, if set, will override the default
                          location and name of the global configuration file
                          (normally, lynx.cfg) that was defined by the
                          LYNX_CFG_FILE constant in the userdefs.h file,
                          during installation.

                          See the userdefs.h file for more information.

      LYNX_CFG_PATH       If set, this variable overrides the compiled-in
                          search-list of directories used to find the
                          configuration files, e.g., lynx.cfg and lynx.lss.
                          The list is delimited with ":" (or ";" for
                          Windows) like the PATH environment variable.

      LYNX_HELPFILE       If set, this variable overrides the compiled-in
                          URL and configuration file URL for the Lynx help
                          file.

      LYNX_LOCALEDIR      If set, this variable overrides the compiled-in
                          location of the locale directory which contains
                          native language (NLS) message text.

      LYNX_LSS            This variable, if set, specifies the location of
                          the default Lynx character style sheet file.
                          [Currently only meaningful if Lynx was built using
                          curses color style support.]



                                   - 18 -       Formatted:  December 5, 2024






 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      LYNX_SAVE_SPACE     This variable, if set, will override the default
                          path prefix for files saved to disk that is
                          defined in the lynx.cfg SAVE_SPACE: statement.

                          See the lynx.cfg file for more information.

      LYNX_TEMP_SPACE     This variable, if set, will override the default
                          path prefix for temporary files that was defined
                          during installation, as well as any value that may
                          be assigned to the TMPDIR variable.

      MAIL                This variable specifies the default inbox Lynx
                          will check for new mail, if such checking is
                          enabled in the lynx.cfg file.

      NEWS_ORGANIZATION   This variable, if set, provides the string used in
                          the Organization: header of USENET news postings.
                          It will override the setting of the ORGANIZATION
                          environment variable, if it is also set (and, on
                          UNIX, the contents of an /etc/organization file,
                          if present).

      NNTPSERVER          If set, this variable specifies the default NNTP
                          server that will be used for USENET news reading
                          and posting with Lynx, via news: URL's.

      ORGANIZATION        This variable, if set, provides the string used in
                          the Organization: header of USENET news postings.
                          On UNIX, it will override the contents of an
                          /etc/organization file, if present.

      PROTOCOL_proxy      Lynx supports the use of proxy servers that can
                          act as firewall gateways and caching servers.
                          They are preferable to the older gateway servers
                          (see WWW_access_GATEWAY, below).

                          Each protocol used by Lynx, (http, ftp, gopher,
                          etc), can be mapped separately by setting
                          environment variables of the form PROTOCOL_proxy.
                          Protocols are indicated in a URI by the name
                          before ``:'', e.g., ``http'' in
                          ``http://some.server.dom:port/'' for HTML.

                          Depending on your system configuration and
                          supported protocols, the environment variables
                          recognized by lynx may include

                              cso_proxy
                              finger_proxy
                              ftp_proxy
                              gopher_proxy



                                   - 19 -       Formatted:  December 5, 2024






 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




                              https_proxy
                              http_proxy
                              newspost_proxy
                              newsreply_proxy
                              news_proxy
                              nntp_proxy
                              no_proxy
                              snewspost_proxy
                              snewsreply_proxy
                              snews_proxy
                              wais_proxy

                          See Lynx Users Guide for additional details and
                          examples.

      SSL_CERT_DIR        Set to the directory containing trusted
                          certificates.

      SSL_CERT_FILE       Set to the full path and filename for your file of
                          trusted certificates.

      WWW_access_GATEWAY  Lynx still supports use of gateway servers, with
                          the servers specified via ``WWW_access_GATEWAY''
                          variables (where ``access'' is lower case and can
                          be ``http'', ``ftp'', ``gopher'' or ``wais'').
                          However most gateway servers have been
                          discontinued.  Note that you do not include a
                          terminal ``/'' for gateways, but do for proxies
                          specified by PROTOCOL_proxy environment variables.

                          See Lynx Users Guide for details.

      WWW_HOME            This variable, if set, will override the default
                          startup URL specified in any of the Lynx
                          configuration files.

      Environment Variables Set or Modified By Lynx:

      LYNX_PRINT_DATE     This variable is set by the Lynx p(rint) function,
                          to the Date: string seen in the document's
                          ``Information about'' page (= cmd), if any.  It is
                          created for use by an external program, as defined
                          in a lynx.cfg PRINTER: definition statement.  If
                          the field does not exist for the document, the
                          variable is set to a null string under UNIX, or
                          ``No Date'' under VMS.

      LYNX_PRINT_LASTMOD  This variable is set by the Lynx p(rint) function,
                          to the Last Mod: string seen in the document's
                          ``Information about'' page (= cmd), if any.  It is
                          created for use by an external program, as defined



                                   - 20 -       Formatted:  December 5, 2024






 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




                          in a lynx.cfg PRINTER: definition statement.  If
                          the field does not exist for the document, the
                          variable is set to a null string under UNIX, or
                          ``No LastMod'' under VMS.

      LYNX_PRINT_TITLE    This variable is set by the Lynx p(rint) function,
                          to the Linkname: string seen in the document's
                          ``Information about'' page (= cmd), if any.  It is
                          created for use by an external program, as defined
                          in a lynx.cfg PRINTER: definition statement.  If
                          the field does not exist for the document, the
                          variable is set to a null string under UNIX, or
                          ``No Title'' under VMS.

      LYNX_PRINT_URL      This variable is set by the Lynx p(rint) function,
                          to the URL: string seen in the document's
                          ``Information about'' page (= cmd), if any.  It is
                          created for use by an external program, as defined
                          in a lynx.cfg PRINTER: definition statement.  If
                          the field does not exist for the document, the
                          variable is set to a null string under UNIX, or
                          ``No URL'' under VMS.

      LYNX_TRACE          If set, causes Lynx to write a trace file as if
                          the -trace option were supplied.

      LYNX_TRACE_FILE     If set, overrides the compiled-in name of the
                          trace file, which is either Lynx.trace or
                          LY-TRACE.LOG (the latter on the DOS/Windows
                          platforms).  The trace file is in either case
                          relative to the home directory.

      LYNX_VERSION        This variable is always set by Lynx, and may be
                          used by an external program to determine if it was
                          invoked by Lynx.

                          See also the comments in the distribution's sample
                          mailcap file, for notes on usage in such a file.

      TERM                Normally, this variable is used by Lynx to
                          determine the terminal type being used to invoke
                          Lynx.  If, however, it is unset at startup time
                          (or has the value ``unknown''), or if the -term
                          command-line option is used (see OPTIONS section
                          above), Lynx will set or modify its value to the
                          user specified terminal type (for the Lynx
                          execution environment).  Note: If set/modified by
                          Lynx, the values of the LINES and/or COLUMNS
                          environment variables may also be changed.





                                   - 21 -       Formatted:  December 5, 2024






 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




 SIMULATED CGI SUPPORT
      If built with the cgi-links option enabled, Lynx allows access to a
      cgi script directly without the need for an http daemon.

      When executing such ``lynxcgi scripts'' (if enabled), the following
      variables may be set for simulating a CGI environment:

      CONTENT_LENGTH

      CONTENT_TYPE

      DOCUMENT_ROOT

      HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET

      HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE

      HTTP_USER_AGENT

      PATH_INFO

      PATH_TRANSLATED

      QUERY_STRING

      REMOTE_ADDR

      REMOTE_HOST

      REQUEST_METHOD

      SERVER_SOFTWARE

      Other environment variables are not inherited by the script, unless
      they are provided via a LYNXCGI_ENVIRONMENT statement in the
      configuration file.  See the lynx.cfg file, and the (draft) CGI 1.1
      Specification <http://Web.Golux.Com/coar/cgi/draft-coar-cgi-v11-
      00.txt> for the definition and usage of these variables.

      The CGI Specification, and other associated documentation, should be
      consulted for general information on CGI script programming.

 NATIVE LANGUAGE SUPPORT
      If configured and installed with Native Language Support, Lynx will
      display status and other messages in your local language.  See the
      file ABOUT_NLS in the source distribution, or at your local GNU site,
      for more information about internationalization.

      The following environment variables may be used to alter default
      settings:




                                   - 22 -       Formatted:  December 5, 2024






 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      LANG                This variable, if set, will override the default
                          message language.  It is an ISO 639 two-letter
                          code identifying the language.  Language codes are
                          NOT the same as the country codes given in ISO
                          3166.

      LANGUAGE            This variable, if set, will override the default
                          message language.  This is a GNU extension that
                          has higher priority for setting the message
                          catalog than LANG or LC_ALL.

      LC_ALL              and

      LC_MESSAGES         These variables, if set, specify the notion of
                          native language formatting style.  They are
                          POSIXly correct.

      LINGUAS             This variable, if set prior to configuration,
                          limits the installed languages to specific values.
                          It is a space-separated list of two-letter codes.
                          Currently, it is hard-coded to a wish list.

      NLSPATH             This variable, if set, is used as the path prefix
                          for message catalogs.

 NOTES
      This is the Lynx v2.8.9 Release; development is in progress for 2.9.0.

      If you wish to contribute to the further development of Lynx,
      subscribe to our mailing list.  Send email to <lynx-dev-
      request@nongnu.org> with ``subscribe lynx-dev'' as the only line in
      the body of your message.

      Send bug reports, comments, suggestions to <lynx-dev@nongnu.org> after
      subscribing.

      Unsubscribe by sending email to <lynx-dev-request@nongnu.org> with
      ``unsubscribe lynx-dev'' as the only line in the body of your message.
      Do not send the unsubscribe message to the lynx-dev list, itself.

 SEE ALSO
      catgets(3), curses(3), environ(7), execve(2), ftp(1), gettext(GNU),
      localeconv(3), ncurses(3), setlocale(3), slang(?), termcap(5),
      terminfo(5), wget(GNU)

      Note that man page availability and section numbering is somewhat
      platform dependent, and may vary from the above references.

      A section shown as (GNU), is intended to denote that the topic may be
      available via an info page, instead of a man page (i.e., try ``info
      subject'', rather than ``man subject'').



                                   - 23 -       Formatted:  December 5, 2024






 LYNX(1)                                                             LYNX(1)




      A section shown as (?) denotes that documentation on the topic exists,
      but is not part of an established documentation retrieval system (see
      the distribution files associated with the topic, or contact your Sys-
      tem Administrator for further information).

 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
      Lynx has incorporated code from a variety of sources along the way.
      The earliest versions of Lynx included code from Earl Fogel of Comput-
      ing Services at the University of Saskatchewan, who implemented HYPER-
      REZ in the Unix environment.  HYPERREZ was developed by Niel Larson of
      Think.com and served as the model for the early versions of Lynx.
      Those versions also incorporated libraries from the Unix Gopher
      clients developed at the University of Minnesota, and the later ver-
      sions of Lynx rely on the WWW client library code developed by Tim
      Berners-Lee and the WWW community.  Also a special thanks to Foteos
      Macrides who ported much of Lynx to VMS and did or organized most of
      its development since the departures of Lou Montulli and Garrett
      Blythe from the University of Kansas in the summer of 1994 through the
      release of v2.7.2, and to everyone on the net who has contributed to
      Lynx's development either directly (through patches, comments or bug
      reports) or indirectly (through inspiration and development of other
      systems).

 AUTHORS
      Lou Montulli, Garrett Blythe, Craig Lavender, Michael Grobe, Charles
      Rezac
      Academic Computing Services
      University of Kansas
      Lawrence, Kansas 66047

      Foteos Macrides
      Worcester Foundation for Biomedical Research
      Shrewsbury, Massachusetts 01545

      Thomas E. Dickey
      <dickey@invisible-island.net>


















                                   - 24 -       Formatted:  December 5, 2024