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 LDAP.CONF(5)                OpenLDAP LDVERSION                 LDAP.CONF(5)
                                 RELEASEDATE



 NAME
      ldap.conf, .ldaprc - LDAP configuration file/environment variables

 SYNOPSIS
      ETCDIR/ldap.conf, ldaprc, .ldaprc, $LDAP<option-name>

 DESCRIPTION
      If the environment variable LDAPNOINIT is defined, all defaulting is
      disabled.  The ldap.conf configuration file is used to set system-wide
      defaults to be applied when running ldap clients.  Users may create an
      optional configuration file, ldaprc or .ldaprc, in their home
      directory which will be used to override the system-wide defaults
      file.  The file ldaprc in the current working directory is also used.
      Additional configuration files can be specified using the LDAPCONF and
      LDAPRC environment variables.  LDAPCONF may be set to the path of a
      configuration file.  This path can be absolute or relative to the
      current working directory.  The LDAPRC, if defined, should be the
      basename of a file in the current working directory or in the user's
      home directory.  Environmental variables may also be used to augment
      the file based defaults.  The name of the variable is the option name
      with an added prefix of LDAP.  For example, to define BASE via the
      environment, set the variable LDAPBASE to the desired value.  Some
      options are user-only.  Such options are ignored if present in the
      ldap.conf (or file specified by LDAPCONF).  Thus the following files
      and variables are read, in order:
          variable     $LDAPNOINIT, and if that is not set:
          system file  ETCDIR/ldap.conf,
          user files   $HOME/ldaprc,  $HOME/.ldaprc,  ./ldaprc,
          system file  $LDAPCONF,
          user files   $HOME/$LDAPRC, $HOME/.$LDAPRC, ./$LDAPRC,
          variables    $LDAP<uppercase option name>.
      Settings late in the list override earlier ones.

 SYNTAX
      The configuration options are case-insensitive; their value, on a case
      by case basis, may be case-sensitive.  Blank lines are ignored.
      Lines beginning with a hash mark (`#') are comments, and ignored.
      Valid lines are made of an option's name (a sequence of non-blanks,
      conventionally written in uppercase, although not required), followed
      by a value.  The value starts with the first non-blank character after
      the option's name, and terminates at the end of the line, or at the
      last sequence of blanks before the end of the line.  The tokenization
      of the value, if any, is delegated to the handler(s) for that option,
      if any.  Quoting values that contain blanks may be incorrect, as the
      quotes would become part of the value.  For example,

           # Wrong - erroneous quotes:
           URI     "ldap:// ldaps://"

           # Right - space-separated list of URIs, without quotes:
           URI     ldap:// ldaps://



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           # Right - DN syntax needs quoting for Example, Inc:
           BASE    ou=IT staff,o="Example, Inc",c=US
           # or:
           BASE    ou=IT staff,o=Example\2C Inc,c=US

           # Wrong - comment on same line as option:
           DEREF   never           # Never follow aliases
      A line cannot be longer than LINE_MAX, which should be more than 2000
      bytes on all platforms.  There is no mechanism to split a long line on
      multiple lines, either for beautification or to overcome the above
      limit.

 OPTIONS
      The different configuration options are:

      URI <ldap[si]://[name[:port]] ...>
           Specifies the URI(s) of an LDAP server(s) to which the LDAP
           library should connect.  The URI scheme may be any of ldap, ldaps
           or ldapi, which refer to LDAP over TCP, LDAP over SSL (TLS) and
           LDAP over IPC (UNIX domain sockets), respectively.  Each server's
           name can be specified as a domain-style name or an IP address
           literal.  Optionally, the server's name can followed by a ':' and
           the port number the LDAP server is listening on.  If no port
           number is provided, the default port for the scheme is used (389
           for ldap://, 636 for ldaps://).  For LDAP over IPC, name is the
           name of the socket, and no port is required, nor allowed; note
           that directory separators must be URL-encoded, like any other
           characters that are special to URLs; so the socket

                /usr/local/var/ldapi

           must be specified as

                ldapi://%2Fusr%2Flocal%2Fvar%2Fldapi

           A space separated list of URIs may be provided.

      BASE <base>
           Specifies the default base DN to use when performing ldap
           operations.  The base must be specified as a Distinguished Name
           in LDAP format.

      BINDDN <dn>
           Specifies the default bind DN to use when performing ldap
           operations.  The bind DN must be specified as a Distinguished
           Name in LDAP format.  This is a user-only option.

      DEREF <when>
           Specifies how alias dereferencing is done when performing a
           search. The <when> can be specified as one of the following
           keywords:



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           never
                Aliases are never dereferenced. This is the default.

           searching
                Aliases are dereferenced in subordinates of the base object,
                but not in locating the base object of the search.

           finding
                Aliases are only dereferenced when locating the base object
                of the search.

           always
                Aliases are dereferenced both in searching and in locating
                the base object of the search.

           Specifies the name(s) of an LDAP server(s) to which the LDAP
           library should connect.  Each server's name can be specified as a
           domain-style name or an IP address and optionally followed by a
           ':' and the port number the ldap server is listening on.  A space
           separated list of hosts may be provided.  HOST is deprecated in
           favor of URI.

      NETWORK_TIMEOUT <integer>
           Specifies the timeout (in seconds) after which the
           poll(2)/select(2) following a connect(2) returns in case of no
           activity.

      PORT <port>
           Specifies the default port used when connecting to LDAP
           servers(s).  The port may be specified as a number.  PORT is
           deprecated in favor of URI.

      REFERRALS <on/true/yes/off/false/no>
           Specifies if the client should automatically follow referrals
           returned by LDAP servers.  The default is on.  Note that the
           command line tools ldapsearch(1) &co always override this option.

      SIZELIMIT <integer>
           Specifies a size limit (number of entries) to use when performing
           searches.  The number should be a non-negative integer.
           SIZELIMIT of zero (0) specifies a request for unlimited search
           size.  Please note that the server may still apply any server-
           side limit on the amount of entries that can be returned by a
           search operation.

      TIMELIMIT <integer>
           Specifies a time limit (in seconds) to use when performing
           searches.  The number should be a non-negative integer.
           TIMELIMIT of zero (0) specifies unlimited search time to be used.
           Please note that the server may still apply any server-side limit
           on the duration of a search operation.



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      VERSION {2|3}
           Specifies what version of the LDAP protocol should be used.

      TIMEOUT <integer>
           Specifies a timeout (in seconds) after which calls to synchronous
           LDAP APIs will abort if no response is received.  Also used for
           any ldap_result(3) calls where a NULL timeout parameter is
           supplied.

 SASL OPTIONS
      If OpenLDAP is built with Simple Authentication and Security Layer
      support, there are more options you can specify.

      SASL_MECH <mechanism>
           Specifies the SASL mechanism to use.

      SASL_REALM <realm>
           Specifies the SASL realm.

      SASL_AUTHCID <authcid>
           Specifies the authentication identity.  This is a user-only
           option.

      SASL_AUTHZID <authcid>
           Specifies the proxy authorization identity.  This is a user-only
           option.

      SASL_SECPROPS <properties>
           Specifies Cyrus SASL security properties. The <properties> can be
           specified as a comma-separated list of the following:

           none (without any other properties) causes the properties
                defaults ("noanonymous,noplain") to be cleared.

           noplain
                disables mechanisms susceptible to simple passive attacks.

           noactive
                disables mechanisms susceptible to active attacks.

           nodict
                disables mechanisms susceptible to passive dictionary
                attacks.

           noanonymous
                disables mechanisms which support anonymous login.

           forwardsec
                requires forward secrecy between sessions.





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           passcred
                requires mechanisms which pass client credentials (and
                allows mechanisms which can pass credentials to do so).

           minssf=<factor>
                specifies the minimum acceptable security strength factor as
                an integer approximating the effective key length used for
                encryption.  0 (zero) implies no protection, 1 implies
                integrity protection only, 56 allows DES or other weak
                ciphers, 112 allows triple DES and other strong ciphers, 128
                allows RC4, Blowfish and other modern strong ciphers.  The
                default is 0.

           maxssf=<factor>
                specifies the maximum acceptable security strength factor as
                an integer (see minssf description).  The default is
                INT_MAX.

           maxbufsize=<factor>
                specifies the maximum security layer receive buffer size
                allowed.  0 disables security layers.  The default is 65536.

      SASL_NOCANON <on/true/yes/off/false/no>
           Do not perform reverse DNS lookups to canonicalize SASL host
           names. The default is off.

 GSSAPI OPTIONS
      If OpenLDAP is built with Generic Security Services Application
      Programming Interface support, there are more options you can specify.

      GSSAPI_SIGN <on/true/yes/off/false/no>
           Specifies if GSSAPI signing (GSS_C_INTEG_FLAG) should be used.
           The default is off.

      GSSAPI_ENCRYPT <on/true/yes/off/false/no>
           Specifies if GSSAPI encryption (GSS_C_INTEG_FLAG and
           GSS_C_CONF_FLAG) should be used. The default is off.

      GSSAPI_ALLOW_REMOTE_PRINCIPAL <on/true/yes/off/false/no>
           Specifies if GSSAPI based authentication should try to form the
           target principal name out of the ldapServiceName or dnsHostName
           attribute of the targets RootDSE entry. The default is off.

 TLS OPTIONS
      If OpenLDAP is built with Transport Layer Security support, there are
      more options you can specify.  These options are used when an ldaps://
      URI is selected (by default or otherwise) or when the application
      negotiates TLS by issuing the LDAP StartTLS operation.

      TLS_CACERT <filename>
           Specifies the file that contains certificates for all of the



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           Certificate Authorities the client will recognize.

      TLS_CACERTDIR <path>
           Specifies the path of a directory that contains Certificate
           Authority certificates in separate individual files. The
           TLS_CACERT is always used before TLS_CACERTDIR. This parameter is
           ignored with GnuTLS.

           When using Mozilla NSS, <path> may contain a Mozilla NSS cert/key
           database.  If <path> contains a Mozilla NSS cert/key database and
           CA cert files, OpenLDAP will use the cert/key database and will
           ignore the CA cert files.

      TLS_CERT <filename>
           Specifies the file that contains the client certificate.  This is
           a user-only option.

           When using Mozilla NSS, if using a cert/key database (specified
           with TLS_CACERTDIR), TLS_CERT specifies the name of the
           certificate to use:
                TLS_CERT Certificate for Sam Carter
           If using a token other than the internal built in token, specify
           the token name first, followed by a colon:
                TLS_CERT my hardware device:Certificate for Sam Carter
           Use certutil -L to list the certificates by name:
                certutil -d /path/to/certdbdir -L

      TLS_ECNAME <name>
           Specify the name of the curve(s) to use for Elliptic curve
           Diffie-Hellman ephemeral key exchange.  This option is only used
           for OpenSSL.  This option is not used with GnuTLS; the curves may
           be chosen in the GnuTLS ciphersuite specification.

      TLS_KEY <filename>
           Specifies the file that contains the private key that matches the
           certificate stored in the TLS_CERT file. Currently, the private
           key must not be protected with a password, so it is of critical
           importance that the key file is protected carefully.  This is a
           user-only option.

           When using Mozilla NSS, TLS_KEY specifies the name of a file that
           contains the password for the key for the certificate specified
           with TLS_CERT.  The modutil command can be used to turn off
           password protection for the cert/key database.  For example, if
           TLS_CACERTDIR specifies /home/scarter/.moznss as the location of
           the cert/key database, use modutil to change the password to the
           empty string:
                modutil -dbdir ~/.moznss -changepw 'NSS Certificate DB'
           You must have the old password, if any.  Ignore the WARNING about
           the running browser.  Press 'Enter' for the new password.




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      TLS_CIPHER_SUITE <cipher-suite-spec>
           Specifies acceptable cipher suite and preference order.
           <cipher-suite-spec> should be a cipher specification for the TLS
           library in use (OpenSSL, GnuTLS, or Mozilla NSS).  Example:

                OpenSSL:
                     TLS_CIPHER_SUITE HIGH:MEDIUM:+SSLv2

                GnuTLS:
                     TLS_CIPHER_SUITE SECURE256:!AES-128-CBC

           To check what ciphers a given spec selects in OpenSSL, use:

                openssl ciphers -v <cipher-suite-spec>

           With GnuTLS the available specs can be found in the manual page
           of gnutls-cli(1) (see the description of the option --priority).

           In older versions of GnuTLS, where gnutls-cli does not support
           the option --priority, you can obtain the - more limited - list
           of ciphers by calling:

                gnutls-cli -l

           When using Mozilla NSS, the OpenSSL cipher suite specifications
           are used and translated into the format used internally by
           Mozilla NSS.  There isn't an easy way to list the cipher suites
           from the command line.  The authoritative list is in the source
           code for Mozilla NSS in the file sslinfo.c in the structure
                   static const SSLCipherSuiteInfo suiteInfo[]

      TLS_PROTOCOL_MIN <major>[.<minor>]
           Specifies minimum SSL/TLS protocol version that will be
           negotiated.  If the server doesn't support at least that version,
           the SSL handshake will fail.  To require TLS 1.x or higher, set
           this option to 3.(x+1), e.g.,

                TLS_PROTOCOL_MIN 3.2

           would require TLS 1.1.  Specifying a minimum that is higher than
           that supported by the OpenLDAP implementation will result in it
           requiring the highest level that it does support.  This parameter
           is ignored with GnuTLS.

      TLS_RANDFILE <filename>
           Specifies the file to obtain random bits from when /dev/[u]random
           is not available. Generally set to the name of the EGD/PRNGD
           socket.  The environment variable RANDFILE can also be used to
           specify the filename.  This parameter is ignored with GnuTLS and
           Mozilla NSS.




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      TLS_REQCERT <level>
           Specifies what checks to perform on server certificates in a TLS
           session, if any. The <level> can be specified as one of the
           following keywords:

           never
                The client will not request or check any server certificate.

           allow
                The server certificate is requested. If no certificate is
                provided, the session proceeds normally. If a bad
                certificate is provided, it will be ignored and the session
                proceeds normally.

           try  The server certificate is requested. If no certificate is
                provided, the session proceeds normally. If a bad
                certificate is provided, the session is immediately
                terminated.

           demand | hard
                These keywords are equivalent. The server certificate is
                requested. If no certificate is provided, or a bad
                certificate is provided, the session is immediately
                terminated. This is the default setting.

      TLS_REQSAN <level>
           Specifies what checks to perform on the subjectAlternativeName
           (SAN) extensions in a server certificate when validating the
           certificate name against the specified hostname of the server.
           The <level> can be specified as one of the following keywords:

           never
                The client will not check any SAN in the certificate.

           allow
                The SAN is checked against the specified hostname. If a SAN
                is present but none match the specified hostname, the SANs
                are ignored and the usual check against the certificate DN
                is used.  This is the default setting.

           try  The SAN is checked against the specified hostname. If no SAN
                is present in the server certificate, the usual check
                against the certificate DN is used. If a SAN is present but
                doesn't match the specified hostname, the session is
                immediately terminated. This setting may be preferred when a
                mix of certs with and without SANs are in use.

           demand | hard
                These keywords are equivalent. The SAN is checked against
                the specified hostname. If no SAN is present in the server
                certificate, or no SANs match, the session is immediately



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                terminated. This setting should be used when only
                certificates with SANs are in use.

      TLS_CRLCHECK <level>
           Specifies if the Certificate Revocation List (CRL) of the CA
           should be used to verify if the server certificates have not been
           revoked. This requires TLS_CACERTDIR parameter to be set. This
           parameter is ignored with GnuTLS and Mozilla NSS.  <level> can be
           specified as one of the following keywords:

           none No CRL checks are performed

           peer Check the CRL of the peer certificate

           all  Check the CRL for a whole certificate chain

      TLS_CRLFILE <filename>
           Specifies the file containing a Certificate Revocation List to be
           used to verify if the server certificates have not been revoked.
           This parameter is only supported with GnuTLS and Mozilla NSS.

 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
      LDAPNOINIT
           disable all defaulting

      LDAPCONF
           path of a configuration file

      LDAPRC
           basename of ldaprc file in $HOME or $CWD

      LDAP<option-name>
           Set <option-name> as from ldap.conf

 FILES
      ETCDIR/ldap.conf
           system-wide ldap configuration file

      $HOME/ldaprc, $HOME/.ldaprc
           user ldap configuration file

      $CWD/ldaprc
           local ldap configuration file

 SEE ALSO
      ldap(3), ldap_set_option(3), ldap_result(3), openssl(1), sasl(3)

 AUTHOR
      Kurt Zeilenga, The OpenLDAP Project





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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS


















































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