- 1 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
wcd - (Wherever Change
Directory)
(chdir) DOS Unix
wcd [] []
Wcd ,
.
.
wcd
. wcd
,
. , wcd
.
wcd Norton
Change Directory (NCD). NCD The Norton
Utilities, Release 4 DOS 1987
(Peter
Norton).
Wcd
: command.com DOS, cmd.exe PowerShell
Windows, cmd.exe OS/2
Unix, Bourne (sh), Bourne Again
(bash), Korn (ksh), Z (zsh) C (csh),
, -
.
Wcd 8-
Unicode.
.
wcd
,
- 1 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
.
(
-), wcd ,
.
,
"/home/user/Desktop":
wcd Desk
, wcd
.
(,
).
-
wcd
-:
* - ( )
?
[] ,
[!] [^] - , .
. :
__, , "0-9"
"A-Z".
"[..]" "[0-9a-zA-Z_]".
( 8-
),
.
"[]*?!^-\"
"[..]"
,
("\").
- 2 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
-
. ,
- ,
top:
wcd *top
, -
top:
wcd *top*
- ,
a, b c:
wcd [a-c]*
,
.
wcd ,
Desk,
*me/Desk*.
wcd me/Desk
-
,
. :
wcd src*/*1?/a*2
-, wcd
, wcd
,
-.
-w.
-g.
wcd -g
- 3 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
Wcd (treedata)
, .
Unix Windows wcd
treedata
,
.
wcd
.
, wcd
, treedata.
:
wcd ..
wcd
,
,
treedata,
treedata. .
-k.
Wcd
. 10.
.
. -z, -, + =.
,
,
-u.
DOS Windows
/,
\.
DOS Windows
.
.
wcd d:games
- 4 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
UNC Windows
Windows (
, PowerShell, MSYS, zsh, cygwin)
UNC LAN Windows SMB
,
"\\_\_". wcd
Windows
UNC
pushd. In Windows PowerShell, MSYS, zsh
Cygwin
UNC. UNC
.
wcd
.
.
(stdin/stdout).
.
<Enter>.
.
.
.
conio.
.
.
.
,
.
, ,
.
,
- 5 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
-N.
curses.
conio. wcd
curses
.
.
vim(1).
-g.
-o
stdin/stdout.
-a
.
.
.
-aa
(treedata).
-A
,
,
(treedata).
:
wcd -A .
wcd -A /home -A /etc
wcd -A d: -A e: -A \\server\share
Windows
Windows
- 6 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
: "wcd -A \\_".
. -S, -s -E.
-b .
Wcd
. , wcd
.
(ban)
.
-.
.
.
,
-xf.
-c, --direct-cd
CD. , wcd
:
1. (treedata).
2. , , .
CD wcd
.
1. C , .
2. , (treedata).
-d
( DOS).
,
C:,
HOME.
,
C: .
-, + =.
- 7 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
-e
.
.
-ee
(treedata).
-E
,
,
(treedata). .
-A -S.
-f
.
.
+f
_
.
-g (
curses).
Wcd
curses.
.
vim(1).
, wcd
.
,
- 8 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
.
NCD DOS.
, NCD
. NCD,
DOS 12 (8.3)
.
.
wcd, .
, -
.
wcd
NCD. ,
,
,
.
.
-Ta,
-TC -Tc.
-gd
(treedata)
(stdout).
-G
. , Unix, "wcd -G "
/wcd.go.
-GN, --no-go-script
- 9 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
.
-j,
wcd
.
-h, --help
.
-i, --ignore-case
.
wcd DOS Windows
.
Unix/Cygwin .
+i, --no-ignore-case
.
. -i.
-I, --ignore-diacritics
.
.
: CP437, CP850, CP852, CP1250,
CP1252, ISO-8859-1, ISO-8859-2 Unicode Latin-1, Latin
Extended-A, Latin Extended-B. .
<https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/_>
+I, --no-ignore-diacritics
(). . -I.
-j, --just-go
.
wcd
,
. Wcd
. wcd
,
.
- 10 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
Wcd ,
(stdout).
.
POSIX
:
wcd ()
{
cd "$($HOME/bin/wcd.exe -j $@)"
}
,
$(),
.
wcd ()
{
cd "`$HOME/bin/wcd.exe -j $@`"
}
Windows,
4NT,
:
alias wcd `cd %@execstr[wcdwin32.exe -z 0 -j %1]`
, , -j
-GN.
-k, --keep-paths
.
, wcd
.
, wcd
.
,
- 11 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
.
-K, --color
.
-l
_
. Wcd
.
.
-ls
().
-m
.
-L, --license
.
-M
.
-n
.
.
wcd +S. ,
_
.
. ,
"/mnt/network":
wcd -n /mnt/network src
- 12 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
Wcd
"/mnt/network/".
.
+n
. .
-n.
-N, --numbers
.
Wcd conio
curses (. )
, .
-N,
.
-N,
.
-o stdin/stdout.
conio curses wcd
,
stdin/stdout
-o.
-od, --to-stdout
stdout.
-q, --quiet
.
.
-r
.
- 13 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
, wcd
.
-rmtree
.
Wcd
.
-s
,
$HOME.
HOME ,
,
, /.
.
"WCDSCAN". .
.
-S
,
,
. .
-A, -s -E. ,
-A
.
:
Unix:
wcd -S /
wcd -S /home -A /etc -A /usr
DOS/Windows:
- 14 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
wcd -S c:/
wcd -S c: -A d: -A \\server\share
Windows
Windows
: "wcd -S \\_".
+S
,
,
.
,
-n +n. : "wcd -n
".
-t
,
"/tmp_mnt" ( Unix)
, wcd "/tmp_mnt/"
. "/tmp_mnt"
.
-t.
-T, --ascii-tree
ASCII.
,
.
-Ta, --alt-tree-nav
.
NCD -Ta
.
- 15 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
,
Windows KDE Konqueror Linux.
.
,
.
Shift-A.
,
A.
-TC, --center-tree
.
.
t
.
,
,
NCD.
-Tc, --compact-tree
,
,
NCD DOS.
DOS
66
.
,
,
. ,
wcd
,
- 16 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
, .
-Tc
m.
-Td, --cjk-width
(,
)
Unicode
.
Chinese
CP936 Windows Simsun.
.
,
C.
-u
, ,
. .
,
WCDUSERSHOME.
Unix/Cygwin
"/home". Wcd
"/home/USER/.treedata.wcd" "/home/USER/.wcd/.treedata.wcd",
,
,
. DOS/Windows
"\\users", , wcd
"\\users\USER\treedata.wcd"
- 17 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
"\\users\USER\.wcd\treedata.wcd".
+u
.
-v, --verbose
.
wcd
, .
-V, --version
.
-w, --wild-match-only
,
-.
-x
_ .
,
wcd _
.
-
. -x
.
wcd -x <1> -x <2> -s
-x
(-s, -S, +S, -A, -E).
DOS/Windows
,
HOME WCDHOME.
:
wcd -x c:/temp -S c:
- 18 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
.
wcd -x /temp -s
-xf
,
.
, wcd
_
.
-
.
.
, wcd
,
. -xf
.
,
( wcd unix):
wcd -xf ~/.ban.wcd -s
-. ,
Subversion
,
,
"*/.svn".
-xf
(-s, -S, +S, -A, -E).
-y, --assume-yes
.
Wcd
,
.
-rmtree.
- 19 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
,
,
.
-z
.
10.
0.
-
,
(-,+,=). ,
10.
:
wcd -z 50 -
50, wcd
.
:
wcd - -z 50
Wcd
,
10.
-z 50 .
wcd ,
.
POSIX :
wcd ()
{
wcd.exe -z 50 "$@"
. ${WCDHOME:-${HOME}}/bin/wcd.go
}
] -[
.
- 20 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
.
.
"wcd -"
.
,
. : "wcd -3".
.
] +[
.
.
.
"wcd +"
.
,
. : "wcd +2".
.
= .
,
.
.
, "*".
Unix
cd(1).
.
( ),
wcd. Wcd
.
- 21 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
HOME WCDHOME. .
.
POSIX
POSIX (ksh, bash, zsh,
etc.) Unix, Linux, Cygwin
MSYS
(, Bash
"$HOME/.bashrc"):
wcd ()
{
<>/wcd.exe "$@"
. ${WCDHOME:-${HOME}}/bin/wcd.go
}
_ ,
wcd.
.
, "wcd.go",
.
Wcd bash DJGPP DOS bash OS/2 bash
.
"bin" ,
WCDHOME HOME,
c:/.
DOS bash:
wcd ()
{
<>/wcdbash.exe "$@"
. ${WCDHOME:-${HOME:-"c:"}}/wcd.go
}
OS/2 bash:
wcd ()
{
<>/wcdos2bash.exe "$@"
. ${WCDHOME:-${HOME:-"c:"}}/wcd.go
}
wcd WinZsh
- 22 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
. go
c:/.
wcd ()
{
<>/wcdwin32zsh.exe "$@"
. ${WCDHOME:-${HOME}}/wcd.go
}
.
C-
(csh, tcsh)
, "$HOME/.cshrc"
"$HOME/.tcshrc" :
if ( ${?WCDHOME} ) then
alias wcd "<>/wcd.exe \!* ; source $WCDHOME/bin/wcd.go"
else
alias wcd "<>/wcd.exe \!* ; source $HOME/bin/wcd.go"
endif
_ ,
wcd.
.
Windows
zip
"bin" PATH.
Windows,
Windows (Command Prompt)
,
.bat.
"wcd.ba" wcd,
, "wcdgo.bat".
"wcd.bat"
"wcdgo.bat", .
Windows VISTA
Windows VISTA
.
,
.
- 23 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
:
,
___.
Windows PowerShell
PowerShell.
$profile.
HOME WCDHOME.
function wcd
{
<>\wcdwin32psh.exe $args
& $env:HOME\wcdgo.ps1
}
_ ,
wcd.
PowerShell.
Wcd PowerShell
.
.
OS/2
OS/2 (cmd.exe)
OS/2
. wcd
("wcdgo.cmd"),
.
"wcd.cmd"
"wcdos2.exe",
"wcdgo.cmd". "wcd.cmd"
wcdgo.cmd.
LANG
LANG.
LANG
.
.
,
- 24 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
,
.
:
.
.
POSIX:
export LANG=uk
export LANG=uk_UA ,
export LANG=ru_UA ,
export LANG=es_ES ,
export LANG=es_MX ,
export LANG=en_USiso88591 , , Latin-1
gettext(1):
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html#Language-Codes>.
Unix
locale(1).
LANGUAGE
LANGUAGE
.
.
wcd LANGUAGE
LANG. , ,
: "LANGUAGE=nl:de".
,
LANG ( LC_ALL)
, C.
LANGUAGE.
gettext:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html#The-LANGUAGE-variable>
,
,
.
WCDLOCALEDIR
- 25 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
WCDLOCALEDIR
LOCALEDIR,
. LOCALEDIR
wcd
.
GNU "/usr/local/share/locale".
LOCALEDIR
"wcd -V".
wcd ,
,
WCDLOCALEDIR ,
.
cmd Windows:
set WCDLOCALEDIR=c:/my_prefix/share/locale
POSIX:
export WCDLOCALEDIR=$HOME/share/locale
LC_COLLATE
wcd
,
.
.
LANG,
,
. ,
,
,
.
- 26 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
LC_COLLATE,
LANG.
LC_COLLATE "C" "POSIX",
. ,
,
,
:
export LANG=uk_UA
export LC_COLLATE=C
LC_CTYPE
wcd
LC_CTYPE, LANG. ,
UTF-8,
:
export LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8
LC_ALL
,
, LC_,
LC_ALL. Wcd
LC_ALL
LC_COLLATE LC_CTYPE.
WINDOWS
:
DOS (OEM)
Windows (ANSI).
Windows,
, ANSI CP1252. Windows,
notepad,
ANSI. Windows
OEM
(CP437 CP850)
DOS.
wcd DOS Windows,
,
DOS. wcd DOS
- 27 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
Windows.
wcd Windows
Windows,
ANSI
Windows. ,
Windows
CP1252 .
,
,
wcd Windows
ANSI Unicode
PowerShell.
OEM,
Windows, ,
Lucida Console, Unicode
( ANSI) .
wcd Unicode __
5.2.0 ANSI.
( 1252),
wcd Windows
,
,
.
Windows
.
Windows
"chcp".
"wcd -V".
Windows, "chcp".
UNICODE
- 28 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
wcd
Unicode. , wcd
Unicode,
"wcd -V".
,
.
Unicode wcd
.
.
Unicode
, . Wcd
libc
UTF-8 .
. <http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html>
wcd
Unicode . ,
wcd
,
"wcd -V". wcd
Unicode Unicode
_
.
Unicode
. .
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_normalization>
UTF-8 _Unix/Linux
UTF-8,
UTF-8.
xterm, XFree86 4.0
,
UTF-8.
, xterm(1) UTF-8
iso10646-1,
:
LC_CTYPE=en_GB.UTF-8 xterm -u8 -fn '-Misc-Fixed-Medium-R-SemiCondensed--13-120-75-75-C-60-ISO10646-1'
GNU/Linux
- 29 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
UTF-8.
,
.
wcd ,
.
(BOM)
.
UTF-16 _Windows
Windows Unicode
PowerShell
Windows Windows 7 (
). Unicode Take Command
TCC/LE JP Software,
Windows
(XP/Vista).
Windows
UTF-16.
Windows Unicode
Unicode
ANSI.
,
,
,
Unicode
.
Wcd Unicode
UTF-16
UTF-8
.
UTF-8. wcd
Unicode. Wcd
UTF-8.
Windows PowerShell
UTF-8,
BOM UTF-8.
Windows 7,
- 30 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
Windows
Unicode .
UTF-8, _
_
(BOM).
65001 (UTF-8)
cd. Wcd
("wcdgo.bat").
65001,
, ,
.
,
, True Type
Lucida Console ( ).
wcd Windows Unicode
Unicode,
5.2.0,
(BOM) (.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_order_mark>),
Unicode ,
ANSI
. wcd Windows
Unicode BOM
UTF-8,
5.2.0, ,
notepad.
UTF-8 _Cygwin
Cygwin Unicode,
1.7. Cygwin
Windows UTF-16 UTF-8. , ,
wcd,
,
UTF-8,
Unix/Linux.
UTF-8
LANG
LC_CTYPE. ,
- 31 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
.
Cygwin,
True
Type Lucida Console ( ).
wcd Cygwin
, wcd Unix.
(BOM)
.
Cygwin.
WCDHOME, WCDHOME
HOME. "*.wcd"
.
.
wcd Windows
, DOS.
wcd Cygwin
Unix.
wcd.exe
. Unix
,
Unix
cd. .
.
, wcd .
, wcd .
DOS: \treedata.wcd %HOME%\treedata.wcd
Unix: $HOME/.treedata.wcd
.
, wcd
.
- 32 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
DOS: \extra.wcd %HOME%\extra.wcd
Unix: $HOME/.extra.wcd
wcd
. .
-b.
-.
DOS: \ban.wcd %HOME%\ban.wcd
Unix: $HOME/.ban.wcd
wcd. .
-l.
DOS: \alias.wcd %HOME%\alias.wcd
Unix: $HOME/.alias.wcd
stack
wcd.
-d.
DOS: c:\stack.wcd %HOME%\stack.wcd
Unix: $HOME/.stack.wcd
WCDSTACKFILE. .
.
go
,
wcd.exe
.
.
-d.
Unix
"$HOME/bin".
-G.
- 33 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
bash DOS: c:/wcd.go $HOME/wcd.go
Windows: c:\wcdgo.bat %HOME%\wcdgo.bat
Windows PowerShell: $env:HOME\wcdgo.ps1
WinZsh: $HOME/wcd.go
Cygwin/MSYS: $HOME/bin/wcd.go
OS/2: c:\wcdgo.cmd %HOME%\wcdgo.cmd
OS/2 bash: c:/wcd.go $HOME/wcd.go
Unix: $HOME/bin/wcd.go
. .
+S, -n +n.
DOS: <>\rtdata.wcd
Unix: <>/.rtdata.wcd
HOME
, wcd
HOME ,
.
. .
WCDHOME.
HOME ,
,
-s.
WCDSCAN.
Unix, Cygwin, Windows PowerShell, WinZsh
MSYS HOME
WCDHOME. wcd
.
HOME DOS/Windows,
wcd (treedata.wcd, extra.wcd,
alias.wcd, ban.wcd, wcd.go) HOME.
wcd
wcd
Unix. , wcd ,
HOME.
.
- 34 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
. :
wcd -S c: -A d: -A e:
.
WCDHOME
wcd
WCDHOME.
HOME WCDHOME, HOME
WCDHOME.
wcd 5.1.5
WCDHOME.
. 5.1.5,
WCDHOME
. . -s.
5.1.5,
WCDSCAN.
DOS,
Windows, OS/2:
set WCDHOME=C:\Users\erwin\wcd
POSIX:
export WCDHOME="$HOME/.wcd"
Csh:
setenv WCDHOME "$HOME/.wcd"
WCDSCAN
HOME
WCDSCAN.
- 35 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
,
,
(Unix). DOS Windows
.
DOS,
Windows, OS/2:
set WCDSCAN=C:\Users\erwin;D:\data
set WCDSCAN=%HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%;\\projectdrive\projectX
POSIX:
export WCDSCAN="$HOME:/projectdisk/projectX"
Csh:
setenv WCDSCAN "$HOME:/projectdisk/projectX"
WCDFILTER
WCDFILTER.
,
, .
.
PATH. ,
,
.
DOS,
Windows, OS/2:
set WCDFILTER=projects;doc
POSIX:
export WCDFILTER="projects:doc"
Csh:
- 36 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
setenv WCDFILTER "projects:doc"
WCDBAN
,
WCDBAN,
wcd. .
-b.
PATH
.
WCDEXCLUDE
,
WCDEXCLUDE,
wcd. .
-x -xf.
PATH
.
DOS,
Windows, OS/2:
set WCDEXCLUDE=*/windows;*/temp;*CVS
POSIX:
export WCDEXCLUDE="/dev:/tmp:*CVS"
Csh:
setenv WCDEXCLUDE "/dev:/tmp:*CVS"
WCDUSERSHOME
.
DOS Windows
"\\users". Unix Cygwin
"/home".
. .
-u +u.
wcd ,
. .
-v.
- 37 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
WCDSTACKFILE
Wcd
WCDSTACKFILE
(. ).
(
).
-
:
export WCDSTACKFILE=$HOME/.wcd/stack.$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)
xterm(1)
WINDOWID xterm:
export WCDSTACKFILE=$HOME/.wcd/stack.$WINDOWID
GNU screen(1),
screen:
export WCDSTACKFILE=$HOME/.wcd/stack.$WINDOW
TERMINFO
TERMINFO, wcd ncurses
. ,
.
"/usr/lib/terminfo" "/usr/share/terminfo".
PDC_RESTORE_SCREEN
Wcd PDCurses
PDC_RESTORE_SCREEN.
, PDCurses
wcd;
wcd
.
- 38 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
Windows:
set PDC_RESTORE_SCREEN=1
Windows
.
.
,
wcd
.
SHELL
8-
POSIX C
"#!$SHELL" .
,
.
bash Cygwin
SHELL
"export", wcd
.
BASH
Wcd bash DOS $BASH
$SHELL, $SHELL
DOS. ,
$BASH
"export", wcd
.
sh(1), bash(1), csh(1), ksh(1), zsh(1), locale(1), ncurses(1),
Wcd Erwin Waterlander <waterlan@xs4all.nl>
:
<http://waterlan.home.xs4all.nl/>
SourceForge: <http://sourceforge.net/projects/wcd/>
Jari Aalto <jari.aalto@cante.net>.
NCD Brad
Kingsbury "Norton Utilities"
- 39 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
wcd(1) wcd wcd(1)
2017-02-21 2017-02-21
2017-02-21
1987 . .
<http://www.softpanorama.org/OFM/norton_change_directory_clones.shtml>
- 40 - Formatted: October 31, 2025
