F2C(1) F2C(1)
NAME f2c - Convert Fortran 77 to C or C++
SYNOPSIS f2c [ option ... ] file ...
DESCRIPTION F2c converts Fortran 77 source code in files
with names end- ing in `.f' or `.F' to C (or C++) source files in
the cur- rent directory, with `.c' substituted for the final `.f'
or `.F'. If no Fortran files are named, f2c reads Fortran from
standard input and writes C on standard output. File names
that end with `.p' or `.P' are taken to be prototype files,
as produced by option `-P', and are read first.
The following options have the same meaning as in f77(1).
-C Compile code to check that subscripts are within
declared array bounds.
-I2 Render INTEGER and LOGICAL as short, INTEGER*4 as long
int. Assume the default libF77 and libI77: allow only
INTEGER*4 (and no LOGICAL) variables in INQUIREs.
Option `-I4' confirms the default rendering of INTEGER as
long int.
-Idir Look for a non-absolute include file first
in the directory of the current input file, then in directo-
ries specified by -I options (one directory per
option). Options -I2 and -I4 have precedence, so, e.g., a
directory named 2 should be specified by -I./2 .
-onetrip Compile DO loops that are performed at
least once if reached. (Fortran 77 DO loops are not
performed at all if the upper limit is smaller than the
lower limit.)
-U Honor the case of variable and external names. Fortran
keywords must be in lower case.
-u Make the default type of a variable `undefined' rather
than using the default Fortran rules.
-w Suppress all warning messages, or, if the option is
`-w66', just Fortran 66 compatibility warnings.
The following options are peculiar to f2c.
-A Produce ANSI C. Default is old-style C.
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-a Make local variables automatic rather than static
unless they appear in a DATA, EQUIVALENCE, NAMELIST, or SAVE
statement.
-C++ Output C++ code.
-c Include original Fortran source as comments.
-ddir Write `.c' files in directory dir instead of
the cur- rent directory.
-E Declare uninitialized COMMON to be Extern (overridably
defined in f2c.h as extern).
-ec Place uninitialized COMMON blocks in separate files:
COMMON /ABC/ appears in file abc_com.c. Option `-e1c'
bundles the separate files into the output file, with
comments that give an unbundling sed(1) script.
-ext Complain about f77(1) extensions.
-f Assume free-format input: accept text after column 72
and do not pad fixed-format lines shorter than 72 char-
acters with blanks.
-72 Treat text appearing after column 72 as an error.
-g Include original Fortran line numbers in #line lines.
-h Emulate Fortran 66's treatment of Hollerith: try to
align character strings on word (or, if the option is `-hd',
on double-word) boundaries.
-i2 Similar to -I2, but assume a modified libF77 and libI77
(compiled with -Df2c_i2), so INTEGER and LOGICAL vari-
ables may be assigned by INQUIRE and array lengths are
stored in short ints.
-kr Use temporary values to enforce Fortran expression
evaluation where K&R (first edition) parenthesization rules
allow rearrangement. If the option is `-krd', use double
precision temporaries even for single- precision operands.
-P Write a file.P of ANSI (or C++) prototypes for defini-
tions in each input file.f or file.F. When reading
Fortran from standard input, write prototypes at the
beginning of standard output. Option -Ps implies -P and
gives exit status 4 if rerunning f2c may change prototypes
or declarations.
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-p Supply preprocessor definitions to make common-block
members look like local variables.
-R Do not promote REAL functions and operations to DOUBLE
PRECISION. Option `-!R' confirms the default, which
imitates f77.
-r Cast values of REAL functions (including intrinsics) to
REAL.
-r8 Promote REAL to DOUBLE PRECISION, COMPLEX to DOUBLE
COMPLEX.
-s Preserve multidimensional subscripts. Suppressed by
option `-C' .
-Tdir Put temporary files in directory dir.
-w8 Suppress warnings when COMMON or EQUIVALENCE forces
odd-word alignment of doubles.
-Wn Assume n characters/word (default 4) when initializing
numeric variables with character data.
-z Do not implicitly recognize DOUBLE COMPLEX.
, ,
in characterbs Do strings.gnize backslash escapes ( 0
-!c Inhibit C output, but produce -P output.
-!I Reject include statements.
-!i8 Disallow INTEGER*8.
-!it Don't infer types of untyped EXTERNAL procedures from
use as parameters to previously defined or prototyped
procedures.
-!P Do not attempt to infer ANSI or C++ prototypes from
usage.
The resulting C invokes the support routines of f77; object
code should be loaded by f77 or with ld(1) or cc(1) options
-lF77 -lI77 -lm. Calling conventions are those of f77: see
the reference below.
FILES file.[fF] input file
*.c output file
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/usr/include/f2c.h header file
/usr/lib/libF77.aintrinsic function library
/usr/lib/libI77.aFortran I/O library
/lib/libc.a C library, see section 3
SEE ALSO S. I. Feldman and P. J. Weinberger, `A Portable
Fortran 77 Compiler', UNIX Time Sharing System Programmer's
Manual, Tenth Edition, Volume 2, AT&T Bell Laboratories, 1990.
DIAGNOSTICS The diagnostics produced by f2c are intended to
be self- explanatory.
BUGS Floating-point constant expressions are simplified
in the floating-point arithmetic of the machine running f2c, so
they are typically accurate to at most 16 or 17 decimal
places. Untypable EXTERNAL functions are declared int.
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