GNOME(1) GNOME(1)
GNOME 1.0
NAME
gnome-mime - configuration files
DESCRIPTION
The GNOME system uses MIME types to classify content. Each MIME type
on the GNOME system has a number of attributes attached to it. Some
of these attributes have a special meaning to the GNOME system.
MIME type of files
There are two ways of classifying a file in the GNOME system: by
matching their extension or a regular expression with their name or by
its content. GNOME applications use one of those two methods
depending on speed contraints and the specific setup. The MIME types
available on the system can be configured at runtime by putting
special files in either the GNOME MIME directory
(${prefix}/share/mime-info) or the user ~/.gnome/mime-info directory.
MIME type definition files.
The routines that classify a file by its name, use the contents of all
of the files with the extension .mime from the ${prefix}/share/mime-
info directory and the ~/.gnome/mime-info to build the database for
filename matching. The latter is supported to enable users to provide
their mime types to extend the system defaults.
Application that wish to install their own MIME types only need to
install a file in this directory.
The file ${prefix}/share/mime-info/gnome.mime is special, as it
contains the defaults for gnome, and is read first. In addition, the
file ~/.gnome/mime-info/user.mime is read last. This will guarantee
that there is a way to set system defaults, and there is a way for the
user to override them. There is currently no way to tell anything
about the order of the other files in those directories, nor is there
anyway to override system defaults yet.
The format is the following:
mime-type-name
ext[,priority]: ext1 ext2 ext3
ext[,priority]: ext4
regex[,priority]: regex1
regex[,priority]: regex2
where "mime-type-name" is a valid MIME type. For example
"text/plain".
For example, for a vCalendar application, this file would be
installed:
------ calendar.mime -------
application/v-calendar:
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GNOME(1) GNOME(1)
GNOME 1.0
ext: vcf
-----------------------------
MIME key information
To add keys to a MIME type, it is necessary to install a file with the
extension .keys in the ${prefix}/share/mime-info directory or in the
~/.gnome/mime-info directory. The former is for system-provided
mime-information and the latter is to enable the user to extend the
actions as provided by the system.
The file ${prefix}/share/mime-info/gnome.keys is special, as it
contains the defaults for gnome, and is read first. In addition, the
file ~/.gnome/mime-info/user.keys is read last. This will guarantee
that there is a way to set system defaults, and there is a way for the
user to override them. There is currently no way to tell anything
about the order of the other files in those directories, nor is there
anyway to override system defaults yet.
The .keys files have the following format:
mime-type-match:
[[LANG]]key=value
Above, the key is the key that is being defined and value is the value
we bind to it. The optional [LANG] represents a language in which
this definition is valid. If this part is specified, then the
definition will only be valid if LANG matches the setting of the
environment variable LANG. The LANG setting is used to provide keys
which can be displayed to the user in a localized way.
This is an example to bind the key open to all of the mime-types
matching image/* and the icon-filename key is bound to the
/opt/gimp/share/xcf.png value:
image/*:
open=gimp %f
image/x-xcf:
icon-filename=/opt/gimp/share/xcf.png
This will make the GIMP the handler for the open action. Files of
type xcf would use the filename pointed in the icon-filename key.
%f gets interpolated with the file name or the list of file names that
matched this mime-type.
As you can see from the example above, a .keys file does not need to
provide all of the values, it can just provide or override some of the
actions.
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GNOME(1) GNOME(1)
GNOME 1.0
User defined bindings in .keys file will take precedence over system
installed files.
Special key used by the GNOME
The following keys are currently used in the GNOME desktop:
open
Open the file with this command.
icon-filename
The filename with the icon that should be used to represent files
of this type.
view
Command to view the file contents.
ascii-view
A command that should be used to do an ascii-rendering of the
file. Used as a fallback by the filemanager if a view action
does not exist.
fm-open
file-manager open. If present, the file manager will use this
action instead of the value in open to perform this action (the
filemanager for example will open archive files as if they were
directories by using the VFS).
fm-view
file-manager view. If present, invoking the view opertion on the
file manager will use the value defined here instead of the value
in "view".
fm-ascii-view
Fallback operation for the file manager as well.
Those keys are also queried on the metadata (except in the cases where
the lookup would be too expensive).
AUTHOR
This manual page has been written by Miguel de Icaza (miguel@gnu.org)
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