VILE(1) VILE(1)
NAME
vile, xvile, uxvile, lxvile - VI Like Emacs
SYNOPSIS
vile [@cmdfile] [+command] [-FhIiRVv] [-gNNN] [-kcryptkey] [-spattern]
[-ttag] [filename]...
DESCRIPTION
vile is a text editor. This man page is fairly terse. More
information can be obtained from the internal help, available with the
-h option or by using the ":help" command from within vile.
xvile is the same text editor, built as an X-windows application, with
fully integrated mouse support, scrollbars, etc.
uxvile is a wrapper around xvile which invokes the latter program with
the correct locale environment required to use a unicode character set
and the "UXVile" X resource class set.
lxvile is a wrapper around xvile which invokes the latter program with
a font chosen to match the current locale environment.
SPIRIT
vile retains the "finger-feel", if you will, of vi, while adding the
multiple buffer and multiple window features of emacs and other
editors. It is definitely not a vi clone, in that some substantial
stuff is missing, and the screen doesn't look quite the same. The
things that you tend to type over and over probably work. Things done
less frequently, like configuring a startup file, are somewhat (or
very, depending on how ambitious you are) different. But what matters
most is that one's "muscle memory" does the right thing to the text in
front of you, and that is what vile tries to do for vi users.
OPTIONS
Vile accumulates most options into two temporary buffers [vileinit]
and [vileopts]. The former is executed before reading the first file
into a buffer. The latter is executed after reading the first file
into a buffer. Each is removed after executing (unless an error is
detected).
COMMON OPTIONS
-ccommand
vile will begin the session on the first file invoking the given
command. Legal commands include many ex-style commands, vile-
commands, etc., subject to shell quoting. This option is used
most often with a line number or search pattern. For example
vile -c123 filename
vile -c/pattern filename
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VILE(1) VILE(1)
They correspond to ex-style commands on the given file:
:123
:/pattern
These are more verbose equivalents:
vile -c'123 goto-line' filename
vile -c'search-forward /pattern/' filename
You can use more than one command, e.g.,
vile -c'123' -c'10*goto-col' filename
to put the cursor on column 10 of line 123. The "*" (or ":")
separates the repeat count (used by goto-col) from the line- or
range-specification used by line-oriented commands.
@cmdfile
vile will run the specified file as its startup file, and will
bypass any normal startup file (i.e. .vilerc) or environment
variable (i.e. $VILEINIT). This is added to [vileinit].
-D tells vile to trace the results of macro execution into the
hidden buffer "[Trace]".
-e | -E
Invokes vile in "noview" mode - changes are permitted to any
buffer while in this mode (see "-v").
-F will run the syntax filter that applies to each filename on the
command-line, and write the attributed text to the standard
output.
-h Invokes vile on the helpfile.
-i | -I
Tells vile to use vileinit.rc (which is installed) as the
initialization file. If you do not have a .vilerc, vile will
make a short one that sources vileinit.rc This is added to
[vileinit].
-k cryptkey | -K cryptkey
Specifies an encryption/decryption key. See below for further
discussion. This option applies only locally to the buffers
named on the command-line, and is not added to [vileopts], since
that is executed too late.
-R Invokes vile in "readonly" mode - no writes are permitted while
in this mode. (This will also be true if vile is invoked as
view, or if "readonly" mode is set in the startup file.)
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VILE(1) VILE(1)
-s pattern | -S pattern
In the first file, vile will execute an initial search for the
given pattern. This is not the same as "-c/pattern", since that
positions the cursor to the line matching the pattern. This
option positions the cursor within the line.
-t tag
vile will edit the correct file and move the cursor to the
location of the tag. This requires a tagsfile created with the
ctags(1) command. The option -T is equivalent, and can be used
when X11 option parsing eats the -t.
-v Invokes vile in "view" mode - no changes are permitted to any
buffer while in this mode (see "-e").
-V vile will report its version number.
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On PC systems you may be able to set the initial screen
resolution from the command line.
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On VMS systems you may be able to set the initial screen
resolution from the command line. See vile.hlp for details.
X11 OPTIONS
xvile-specific command-line options are detailed in the help file (see
"Standard X command line arguments"). The standard ones (e.g.
-display, -fn, -geometry, -name, etc.) are all supported.
OBSOLETE OPTIONS
vile recognizes some options which duplicate the functionality of the
POSIX "-c" option:
+command
This has the same effect as "-ccommand".
-g NNN | -G NNN
This has the same effect as "-cNNN". vile will begin the session
on the first file jumping to the given line number NNN.
INVOCATION
vile will edit the files specified on the command line. If no files
are specified, and standard input is not connected to a terminal, then
vile will bring up a buffer containing the output of the pipe it is
connected to, and will re-open /dev/tty for commands. Files (except
for the first) are not actually read into buffers until "visited".
All buffers are kept in memory: machines with not much memory or swap
space may have trouble with this.
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VILE(1) VILE(1)
STARTUP
If the @cmdfile option is given, then the file given as "cmdfile" will
be run before any files are loaded. If no @ option appears, startup
commands will be taken from the user's VILEINIT variable, if it is
set, from the file .vilerc in the current directory, if it exists, or
from $HOME/.vilerc, as a last resort. See the help file for examples
of what sorts of things might go into these command files.
COMMANDS
Please refer to the help available within vile for vile-specific
commands. (That document, however, assumes familiarity with vi.)
Short descriptions of each vile command may be obtained with the
":describe-function" and ":describe-key" commands. All commands may
be listed with ":show-commands".
Additional documentation on writing macros using the internal
scripting language can be found in the file macros.doc, distributed
with the vile source.
RELATED PROGRAMS
vile may also be built and installed as xvile, in which case it
behaves as a native X Windows application, with scrollbars, better
mouse support, etc. The help file has more information on this.
There is a program distributed with the vile source which is usually
installed as vile-manfilt. (Two versions of the source for vile-
manfilt are available, in C (manfilt.c) and in Perl (manfilt.pl).) It
may be used in conjunction with vile or xvile (with the help of the
macro in the file manpage.rc) to filter and view system manual pages.
xvile will even (with your font set properly) display certain portions
of the manual page text in bold or italics as appropriate. See the
help file for details.
Likewise, there are several language filters, e.g., vile-c-filt for C,
which can embolden, underline, or perform coloring on program source
code. Again, see the help file for more information.
ENCRYPTION
The program vile-crypt can be used to encrypt/decrypt files using the
same algorithm as microEmac's internal crypt algorithm. This program,
which uses public domain code written by by Dana Hoggatt, is no longer
used in vile, though it is provided for compatibility.
vile currently uses the crypt(3) function for encryption/decryption,
which is available on most Unix systems. This ensures that vile is
able to read and write files compatibly with vi (but not vim, which
uses an different algorithm derived from info-zip). The editor's
encryption/decryption key can be specified on the command line with
"-k key". Text to be encrypted can be specified as filenames on the
command line, or provided as the standard input. On systems with a
getpass() library routine, the user will be prompted for the
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VILE(1) VILE(1)
encryption key if it is not given on the command line. To accommodate
systems (such as linux) where the getpass() library routine is not
interruptible from the keyboard, entering a crypt-key password which
ends in ^C will cause the program to quit. See the help file for more
information on vile's encryption support, including a discussion of a
collection of macros that interface with GNU's gpg package.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
VILEINIT
Editor initialization commands in lieu of a startup file. These
are copied into [vileinit], and executed.
VILE_HELP_FILE
Override the name of the help file, normally ``vile.hlp''.
VILE_LIBDIR_PATH
Augment $PATH when searching for a filter program.
VILE_STARTUP_FILE
Override the name of the startup file, normally ``.vilerc'' (or
``vile.rc'' for non-UNIX systems).
VILE_STARTUP_PATH
Override the search path for the startup and help files.
SEE ALSO
Your favorite vi document, the file macros.doc, and the vile help
page, available with the -h option or as the text file vile.hlp.
DEBTS and CREDITS
vile was originally built from a copy of microEmacs, so a large debt
of gratitude is due to the developers of that program. A lot of
people have helped with code and bug reports on vile. Names are named
at the bottom of the help file.
AUTHORS
vile was created by Paul Fox, Tom Dickey, and Kevin Buettner.
BUGS
The "VI Like Emacs" joke isn't really funny. It only sounds that way.
:-) Other suspicious behavior should be reported via the project
mailing list, or via the web-based bug reporting system. Both of
these are available here:
https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/vile
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